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More specifically when the immune system detects a
biologic as a threat, it begins producing anti-drug
antibodies (ADAs). These antibodies fall into two main
categories:
• Binding (non-neutralizing) antibodies: These
attach to the biologic molecule and may increase its
clearance from the bloodstream, reducing its half-
life.
• Neutralizing antibodies: These block the drug
from binding to its intended target, effectively
shutting down its therapeutic mechanism.
In either case, the drug’s clinical effect diminishes—or
disappears entirely.
Figure 2. Anti-Drug Antibody (ADA) production starting from the
recognition of a biotherapeutic agent
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