Page 73 - The Human Resource Development - New Student Orientation Handbook (REVISED)

The Human Resource Development
Orientation Handbook and Research Guide

other authors. Quoting or paraphrasing another's work always requires that a reference to this
primary or secondary source be made.

APA uses an author-date parenthetical method of citation within the manuscript text. A reference
list is prepared for placement at the end of the manuscript. All references cited in the text must
appear on the reference list; conversely, each entry in the reference list must be cited in the text. In
other words, only those references quoted or paraphrased are included on the reference list. A
bibliography, which would cite additional background sources or sources for further reading is NOT
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included with a manuscript prepared according to APA style. Reference: (APA 6 Edition).
Headings And Subheadings:
Most manuscripts are divided into sections or chapters. The thesis is divided into chapters which are
numbered and given a chapter title. Within each chapter, divisions or subsections are designated.
APA has specific format requirements for the presentation of headings and subheadings. It is a "five-
level" system, with rules for upper/lower case, italics, and placement varying. Among the levels,
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APA specifies which levels to use when less than five are needed. (Reference: APA, 6 Edition).
Chapter titles are counted as a level of heading.
Tables And Figures:
Tables and Figures are utilized to help communicate findings or information to the reader. They can
efficiently organize and compress information into a standardized form. Tables usually present
quantitative data; however, sometimes a table consists of words utilized to present qualitative
information. Any type of illustration other than a table is considered a figure.

Because Tables and Figures must be accurate and easy to read, care is required in spacing, ruling,
arrangement of table headings and figure captions, and placing of tables and figures with respect to
the text. All tables and figures are to be located at the end and not within the Chapters.

Tables, as well as Figures are numbered (Arabic) consecutively from the beginning of the
manuscript. A List of Tables and a List of Figures are prepared and included in the final manuscript
as part of the preliminary pages. APA has specific guidelines regarding the preparation of Figures
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and Tables. Refer to the 6 Edition style guides for specific information.
Margins:
Margins of all pages should be 1 inch. Right margins should not be justified and hyphenated words
avoided.

Typeface And Font:
A standard typeface such as Times Roman or Courier is required. 12-point font is preferred. All
type must be dark, clear and readable.

A typeface that is made up of dots (dot matrix) or that is unusual in appearance is not acceptable.
Even though today's technology allows a variety of fonts and styles within a document, thesis
manuscripts must be limited to a standard typeface and font. No more than two different fonts may
be used within the manuscript.

The use of bold or italic printing may be done for emphasis, but should be utilized sparingly; Italics
instead of underlining can be used for the reference page, table headings & figure captions; An extra-
large font for preliminary pages and/or headings is not appropriate.

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