Page 32 - Biblical Counseling II

According to research and neuropsychologists, “One of the most important parts of the brain is the
prefrontal cortex (PFC). Located directly behind the forehead, the PFC is often referred to as the “CEO” of
the brain. It is responsible for what is termed “executive functioning.” Executive function includes performing
tasks such as focusing attention, organizing thoughts and problem solving, foreseeing and weighing possible
consequences of behavior, impulse control, and modulation of emotion. Basically, when functioning
properly, the PFC is responsible for helping us to think abstractly and make good decisions using information
pertinent to a given situation” (“Prefrontal Cortex,” 2020).

Of note, the prefrontal cortex is the last of the brain structures to develop fully. Maturation is not complete
until age 25-30 years of age. When one considers this in the context of child and adolescent development, it
becomes clearer why children and adolescents think and behave the way they do. For example, children tend
to be quite concrete until around puberty, when the prefrontal cortex begins development in earnest. In
addition, adolescents often make impulsive decisions. This is another product of a prefrontal cortex under
construction” (“Prefrontal Cortex,” 2020).

Look at the following picture. You can see that the prefrontal cortex area of the brain is one of the last areas
to fully develop. Does it help explain any behaviors you saw in yourself or your friends? This understanding of
the prefrontal cortex and brain development is not an excuse for poor decision-making. Many adolescents
progress through these years without getting into trouble. However, it helps explain why teenagers
sometimes seem not to be able to make smart decisions.

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