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nor. The minor should preferably not be his own son, since a #
father who instructs his minor son to desecrate Shabbos violates
a Torah prohibition, as explained in Sha’ar Hatziyun (#334:54).
See our discussion of this below.
3. If there is no gentile or child available, it is permissible to violate
Torah prohibitions only in an unusual manner (with a shinui),
such as activating an x-ray machine with one’s elbow or mouth,
and writing with one’s left hand.
4. It is permissible to violate Rabbinical prohibitions, such as turn- Section 11:
ing off a light or carrying from a private domain to a karmelis, SHabbos and Yom Tov
even without a shinui (if it is impossible to do so with a shinui).
(A bleeding or tearing eye and a wound to the back of the hand or
foot are not considered danger to one limb, but rather danger to life.)
According to the above, the physician conducted himself contrary 20818_efi-ab - 20818_park-C_efi-ab | 10 - B | 18-08-20 | 13:46:25 | SR:-- | Magenta
to the halacha because with danger to a specific organ or limb, it is #20818_efi-ab - 20818_park-C_efi-ab | 10 - B | 18-08-20 | 13:46:25 | SR:-- | Yellow 20818_efi-ab - 20818_park-C_efi-ab | 10 - B | 18-08-20 | 13:46:25 | SR:
forbidden to violate Torah prohibitions in a normal way on Shabbos.
He should have cleansed the wound and stitched up the stump, in
order to avoid infection, which is a danger to life. He should not have
sewn the finger to the hand, an act which involves additional Torah
prohibitions on Shabbos, since sewing the finger does not involve pi-
kuach nefesh but danger to the organ or limb alone.
Perhaps it is permissible to reconnect the finger to the hand, be-
cause at the time the finger was cut off and an open wound remained,
the entire person was in danger and then there were two possibilities
to prevent danger to life:
1. To clean the wound and stitch up the stump, in order to mini-
mize the violation of Torah prohibitions.
2. To reattach the finger and to violate many Torah prohibitions
on Shabbos, but to save both the life of the patient as well as the
finger
Perhaps it is permissible to choose the second possibility. There
is a rule regarding pikuach nefesh, that one should always choose the
lighter prohibition and not the stringent one (meaning if one has a

292 1 Medical-HalacHic Responsa of Rav ZilbeRstein Circumcision with an Eye Infection 2 289