Page 31 - PPW (Paper Proposal Writing)

Study the following explanation about the phrases that you can use in the issue and gap of
your introduction.

Starter phrases to indicate issue Starter phrases to indicate gap
• There have been some recent studies • However, very little is known about X in…
about… • However, few studies have investigated …
• Recently, there has been renewed interest • However, the nature of X remains unclear.
in … • However, the use of X has not been
• In recent years, there has been an investigated.
increasing interest in … • However, far too little attention has been
• There is a growing body of literature that paid to …
recognizes the importance of …

Complete the following sentences that indicate issue and gap based on the starter phrases
given and identify which sentence stating issue and gap.

Example:
There has been renewed interest in (the implementation of e-government in
Indonesian context)
Function: Issue

1. However, few studies have investigated ___________________________________
Function: ____________________
2. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in ______________________
Function: ____________________
3. There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of__________
Function: ____________________
4. However, far too little attention has been paid to____________________________
Function: ____________________
5. Very little is known about ________________________________________________
Function: ____________________

Now, write your own sentences using the starter phrases that you have learned.

1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________

Practice

Writing Introduction of a Paper Proposal: Context, Issue, and
Gap

Paper Proposal Writing 23