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                                                                             ɡ
                                                         th
                                                      20  century  'zuŋ u 'not for profit' empires
                                                       "Veni, Vidi, Vici ",Steti - ego adduxit amicis meis



                  minimum of one-tenth of such funding to cover operational overheads and contribute to
                  core costs. There was also strong backing for the creation of an African Centre for
                  Humanitarian Action – a think tank based in Addis Ababa to support the sustainable

                  growth of cost-effective and efficient NGOs.

                  "Today's international aid system is skewed in favour of the Northern agenda and cannot
                  respond adequately to the priorities of organisations in the South," said Dawit Zawde,

                  founding president of relief agency Africa Humanitarian Action. "Africa has long been
                  depicted as a hopeless zone of conflict, famine and displacement that lacks capacity to

                  respond adequately to crisis. This perception supports an aid paradigm that
                  marginalises and erodes local capacity, casting African actors as sub-contractors to their
                  international counterparts.


                                                        "African NGOs Urge More Aid Through Local Agencies."    203
                                                                           Nick Cater, AlertNet (December 2004)

                                                   ***** ***** *****
                  Lack of mutual trust ?

                  “ Over the last 15 years, 11 African countries have adopted legislation or policies that
                  improperly constrained noNGOvernmental organizations (NGOs).


                  Seven countries--Egypt, Tunisia, Rwanda, Zambia,2 Malawi,Mozambique, and Tanzania--
                  have anti-NGO measures pending or may be moving to introduce them, while six--
                  Kenya,Malawi, ANGOla, Nigeria, CoNGO-Brazzaville, and Zimbabwe--have introduced

                  such measures only to have them abandoned by the executive, rejected by the

                   legislature, or invalidated by the courts. These laws and policies seek to impose state
                  control over civil society, particularly NGOs that work on human rights and governance

                  issues. “

                                      "The Spread of Anti-NGO Measures in Africa: Freedoms Under Threat." (2019)   204
                                                                                              Freedom House.
                                                          *****
                  “ in Africa, the relationship between the state and NGOs has been challenged by lack of

                  mutual trust, while the proliferation of NGOs has not been met with political neutrality.
                  We argue that given the fact that NGOs have had a significant impact in Africa, a
                  partnership between the state and NGOs can realise sustainable development through

                  working together. However, the state should provide a favourable environment for NGOs
                  to operate and work in collaboration with the state in service provision in critical areas. “

                                                                              "State-NGO Relations in Africa."    205
                                                         Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, (October 2013)
                                                                                Hofisi, Miriam, and Costa Hofisi.
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