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Air Law

1.8.3 Definition

For certification, you either need a class rating or a type rating. EASA has tables

specifying for which aircraft a type rating is required.

Aircraft Type:

A categorisation of aircraft requiring a type rating, as defined in the operational

suitability data established in accordance with PART-21, which includes all

aircraft of the same basic design, including all modifications thereto, except
those which result in a change in operating or flight characteristics.

Glider:

An aircraft that is heavier than air and whose free flight does not depend on an

engine, and is primarily supported by aerodynamic reactions on surfaces that
remain fixed as long as flight conditions do not change.

Powered Glider:

A glider with an engine.

ELA Aircraft (European Light Aircraft):

ELA 1: MTOM 1200 kg or less

ELA 2: MTOM 2000 kg or less, not classified as Complex Motor Powered Aircraft

Smaller Aircraft (Non-large aircraft):

An aircraft that is not classified as a large aircraft, including all gliders and

balloons, regardless of weight.

Larger Aircraft:

An aircraft classified as an airplane with a maximum takeoff mass greater than

5,700 kg or a helicopter with more than one engine.

Complex Motor-Powered Aircraft:

1. An airplane:

- with a maximum takeoff mass over 5,700 kg,

Flight Theory PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© 2025 109