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164	  Big	Data	Analytics	for	Connected	Vehicles	and	Smart	Cities	  	  Transportation Use Cases	  165


                  develop strategies for the achievement of the optimum payment channel
                  use pattern.
                 • Expected outcome of analyses: Better use of payment channels and optimi-
                  zation of ticketing strategies that deliver greater efficiency and enhance
                  the user.
                 • Success criteria: Maximizing revenue from each payment channel, com-
                  pared to the cost of operating each channel and identifying and applying
                  the most appropriate ticketing strategy for each mode.
                 • Source data examples: Volume of revenue from each payment channel;
                  ticketing strategy data; and effects of strategies on revenue data.
                 • Business benefits: Lower cost of payment channel operation; enhanced
                  user experience; and maximized revenue.
                 • Challenges: Collecting performance data on each payment channel and
                  developing a catalog of possible ticketing strategies.

                 • Analytics that can be applied: Payment channel efficiency, ticketing strat-
                  egy effectiveness, cost of money collection, relative use of each payment.


            Use Case Example 6: Intelligent Sensor–Based Infrastructure
            Smart	City	Service:	Intelligent	Sensor–Based	Infrastructure


                 • Objectives: To optimize the balance between the cost of intelligent sen-
                  sor–based infrastructure and the quality of the data delivered and to
                  promote an integrated approach to data collection that blends together
                  infrastructure-based sensors and probe vehicle sensors.
                 • Expected outcome of analyses: Better use of infrastructure-based and vehi-
                  cle-based sensors in an integrated fashion.
                 • Success criteria: More efficient data collection, reduced cost of center
                  operation, better integration of sensor data with other data.
                 • Source data examples: Sensor-based data including volumes and speeds;
                  cost of data collection by different means; and quality of data by differ-
                  ent means.
                 • Business benefits: Lower cost of data collection; better and more com-
                  plete data; and better management of investments in infrastructure.
                 • Challenges: Establishing data quality targets; measuring data quality; and
                  integrating data from multiple sources.
                 • Analytics that can be applied: Data quality index, sensor efficiency, cost-
                  benefit to sensors.
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