Page 912 - The Toxicology of Fishes

892 The Toxicology of Fishes

1200
(20)
1000 (20) (8)

Hepatic AHH Activity 600 (24) (12)
800

400

(24) (3) (22)
200

0
Polnell Useless Pilot Everett Eagle Duwamish Hylebos Eagle
Point Bay Point Harbor Harbor Wwy Wway Harbor
Outside inside
200

(4)
Hepatic Xenobiotic DNA Adducts 100 (4)

(5)

0 (4) (2)
Polnell Pilot Everett Hylebos Duwamish
Point Point Harbor Waterway Waterway

FIGURE 22.9 Hepatic AHH activity and concentrations of xenobiotic–DNA adducts in English sole from four sites in
Puget Sound with varying levels of sediment contamination. (From Johnson, L.L. et al., Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci.,
1948, 304–329, 1994. With permission.)

al., 1992). Laboratory studies suggest that English sole is comparatively less sensitive to CYP1A induction
following PCB exposure than to other bottomfish species (Collier and Varanasi, 1991). This finding raises
the possibility that the extensive CYP1A induction in English sole from Puget Sound is due primarily to
PAH exposure; however, this hypothesis remains unproven. The correlation of FACs with hepatic DNA
adducts is consistent with laboratory studies in which PAHs extracted from sediment and model PAHs
produced adduct patterns in exposed sole similar to those found in wild sole (Reichert et al., 1998).

Salmon
In addition to benthic fish, such as English sole, which reside in bottom sediments, transient species
such as outmigrant juvenile salmon show detectable exposure to PAHs as they migrate through urban
estuaries (McCain et al., 1990; Olson et al., 2006; Stehr et al., 2000; Stein et al., 1995). McCain et al.