Page 962 - The Toxicology of Fishes

942 The Toxicology of Fishes

Johnsen et al. (2000) Johnsen et al. (1998) Hall et al. (2003) Borton et al. (2000b) Lappivaara (2001) Mellanen et al. (1999) Lehtinen (2003) Tana et al. (2003) Hewitt et al. (2003b)
Refs. van den Heuvel et al. (2002) Dubé and MacLatchy (2000a) Dubé et al. (2002a,b, 2004)

Mill Type Bleached kraft/TMP Bleached magnephite pulp Bleached sulfite/groundwood

Mechanical Thermomechanical Bleached kraft Bleached kraft Bleached kraft Various Various Bleached kraft Bleached kraft

Duration 4 months 8 weeks 2 months 6–9 months 510–610 days 3 to 6 weeks — 21–60 days 60 days ≤126 days 16 months 20 days Adapted from Munkittrick, K.R., in Fishes and Forests: Worldwide Watershed Interactions and Management, Northcote, T.G. and Hartman, G.F., Eds., Blackwell Scientific, Oxford,

Summary of Artificial Stream or Mesocosm Studies of Pulp Mill Effluent Effects on Fish

Endpoints Growth, gonad development, steroids, vitellogenin Production, whole organism, steroids, MFOs
Steroid levels; egg hatchability Physiological, biochemical Whole organism, biochemical Stress responses Vitellogenin gene Whole organism, sex steroids Length, weight Accumulation of active compounds

Salmo trutta Oncorhynchus mykiss Micropterus salmoides Lepomis macrochirus Notemigonus crysoleucas Coregonus lavaretus Fundulus heteroclitus Rhinichthys cataractae Gasterosteus aculeatus Catostomus commersoni

Species

TABLE 24.3 Brown trout Rainbow trout Largemouth bass Bluegill Golden shiners European whitefish Mummichog Longnose dace Stickleback White sucker Source: pp. 336–361, 2004.