Page 815 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

774 SECTION | XI Bacterial and Cyanobacterial Toxins

VetBooks.ir Carmichael, W.W., Li, R., 2006. Cyanobacteria toxins in the Salton Sea. Falconer, I.R., Burch, M.D., et al., 1994. Toxicity of the blue-green alga
(Cyanobacterium) Microcystis aeruginosa in drinking water to grow-
Saline Ecosyst. 2, 5.
ing pigs, as animal model for human injury and risk assessment.
Carmichael, W.W., Gorham, P.R., Biggs, D.F., 1977. Two laboratory
Environ. Toxic. Water. 9, 131 139.
case studies on oral toxicity to calves of freshwater cyanophyte
(blue-green-alga) Anabaena flos-aquae Nrc-44-1. Can. Vet. J. 18, Falconer, I.R., Buckley, T., Runnegar, M.T.C., 1986. Biological half-
71 75. life, organ distribution and excretion of I-125 labeled toxic peptide
Carmichael, W.W., Evans, W.R., Yin, Q.Q., Bell, P., Moczydlowski, E., from the blue-green-alga Microcystis aeruginosa. Aust. J. Biol. Sci.
1997. Evidence for paralytic shellfish poisons in the freshwater cya- 39, 17 21.
nobacterium Lyngbya wollei (Farlow ex Gomont) comb. nov. Appl. Fastner, J., Heinze, R., et al., 2003. Cylindrospermopsin occurrence in
Environ. Microbiol. 63, 3104 3110. two German lakes and preliminary assessment of toxicity and toxin
Castle, J.W., Rodgers, J.H., 2009. Hypothesis for the role of toxin- production of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) iso-
producing algae in Phanerozoic mass extinctions based on evidence lates. Toxicon. 42, 313 321.
from the geologic record and modern environments. Environ. Fawell, J.K., James, C.P., James, H.A., 1994. Toxins from Blue-Green
Geosci. 16, 1 23. Algae: Toxicological Assessment of Microcystin-LR and a Method
Chatziefthimiou, A.D., Rowles, H., Powell, J.T., et al., 2014. for Its Determination in Water. Water Research Centre,
Cyanotoxins as a potential cause of dog poisonings in desert envir- Medmenham, UK, pp. 1 46.
onments. Vet. Rec. 174, 484 485. Fischer, W.J., Hitzfeld, B.C., et al., 2000. Microcystin-LR toxicody-
Chen, J., Xie, P., Li, L., Xu, J., 2009. First identification of the hepato- namics, induced pathology, and immunohistochemical localization
toxic microcystins in the serum of a chronically exposed human in livers of blue-green algae exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
population together with indication of hepatocellular damage. mykiss). Toxicol. Sci. 54, 365 373.
Toxicol. Sci. 108, 81 89. Francis, G., 1878. Poisonous Australian lake. Nature. 18, 11 12.
Cook, W.O., Beasley, V.R., et al., 1989. Consistent inhibition of periph- Frias, H.V., Mendes, M.A., et al., 2006. Use of electrospray tandem
eral cholinesterases by neurotoxins from the freshwater cyanobacte- mass spectrometry for identification of microcystins during a cyano-
rium Anabaena flos-aquae: studies of ducks, swine, mice and a bacterial bloom event. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 344,
steer. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 8, 915 922. 741 746.
Cook, W.O., Iwamoto, G.A., et al., 1990. Pathophysiologic effects of Fromme, H., Ko ¨hler, A., Krause, R., et al., 2000. Occurrence of cyano-
anatoxin-a(s) in anaesthetized rats: the influence of atropine and arti- bacterial toxins microcystins and anatoxin-a in Berlin water
ficial respiration. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 67, 151 155. bodies with implications to human health and regulations. Environ.
Devic, E., Li, D.H., et al., 2002. Detection of anatoxin-a(s) in environ- Toxicol. 15, 120 130.
mental samples of cyanobacteria by using a biosensor with engi- Furey, A., Crowley, J., et al., 2003. The first identification of the rare
neered acetylcholinesterases. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, cyanobacterial toxin, homoanatoxin-a, in Ireland. Toxicon. 41,
4102 4106. 297 303.
DeVries, S.E., Galey, F.D., Namikoshi, M., Woo, J.C., 1993. Clinical Galey, F.D., Beasley, V.R., et al., 1987. Blue-green algae (Microcystis
and pathologic findings of blue-green algae (Microcystis aerugino- aeruginosa) hepatotoxicosis in dairy cows. Am. J. Vet. Res. 48,
sa) intoxication in a dog. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 5, 403 408. 1415 1420.
Dietrich, D., Hoeger, S., 2005. Guidance values for microcystins in water Gehringer, M.M., Downs, K.S., et al., 2003a. An investigation into the
and cyanobacterial supplement products (blue-green algal supple- effect of selenium supplementation on microcystin hepatotoxicity.
ments): a reasonable or misguided approach? Toxicol. Appl. Toxicon. 41, 451 458.
Pharmacol. 203, 273 289. Gehringer, M.M., Govender, S., Shah, M., et al., 2003b. An investigation
Ding, W.X., Ong, N.C., 2003. Role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial of the role of vitamin E in the protection of mice against microcystin
changes in cyanobacteria-induced apoptosis and hepatotoxicity. toxicity. Environ. Toxicol. 18, 142 148.
FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 220, 1 7. Griffiths, D.J., Saker, M.L., 2003. The palm island mystery disease 20
Done, S.H., Bain, M., 1993. Hepatic necrosis in sheep associated with years on: a review of research on the cyanotoxin cylindrospermop-
ingestion of blue-green algae. Vet. Rec. 133, 600. sin. Environ. Toxicol. 18, 78 93.
Downing, T.G., Sember, C.S., Gehringer, M.M., et al., 2005. Medium N: Gugger, M., Lenoir, S., et al., 2005. First report in a river in France of
P ratios and specific growth rate comodulate microcystin and protein the benthic cyanobacterium Phormidium favosum producing
content in Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7806 and M. aeruginosa anatoxin-a associated with dog neurotoxicosis. Toxicon. 45,
UV027. Microb. Ecol. 49, 468 473. 919 928.
Edwards, C., Beattie, K.A., Scrimgeour, C.M., et al., 1992. Identification Gunn, G.J., Rafferty, A.G., et al., 1992. Fatal canine neurotoxicosis
of anatoxin-a in benthic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and in attributed to blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). Vet. Rec. 130,
associated dog poisonings at Loch Insh, Scotland. Toxicon. 30, 301 302.
1165 1175. Handeland, K., Østensvik, Ø., 2010. Microcystin poisoning in roe deer
Falconer, I.R., Humpage, A.R., 2005. Health risk assessment of cyano- (Capreolus capreolus). Toxicon. 56, 1076 1078.
bacterial (blue-green algal) toxins in drinking water. Int. J. Environ. Harding, W.R., Rowe, N., et al., 1995. Death of a dog attributed to the
Res. Public Health. 2, 43 50. cyanobacterial (blue-green algal) hepatotoxin nodularin in South
Falconer, I.R., Yeung, D.S., 1992. Cytoskeletal changes in hepatocytes Africa. J. South Afr. Vet. Assoc. 66, 256 259.
induced by Microcystis toxins and their relation to hyperphosphory- Havens, K.E., 2008. Cyanobacterial blooms: effects on aquatic ecosys-
lation of cell proteins. Chem. Biol. Interact. 81, 181 196. tems. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 619, 733 747.