Page 39 - Rule Outs in Small Animal Medicine, Problem-oriented Assessment of Problems in Physical Examination and Clinical Pathology, 2nd Edition

Internal Medicine Internal Medicine
Respiratory tract Respiratory tract

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Dyspnoea/polypnoea

Stimulation Reactive
of the respiratory dyspnoea/ Hypoxia
centre polypnoea

– Anaesthesia – Pain
– CNS disease – Stress Haemoglobin Arteriovenous Alveolar O 2 concentration
(e.g. trauma, – Fever reduced shunt hypoventilation in air too low
neoplasia, – Hyperthyroidism
inflammation) – Metabolic acidosis

– Anaemia – Tetrology of Fallot – High altitude
– Methaemo- – Septal defect Pleural cavity disease Lung disease Airway obstruction – O 2 -deficient inhalation gas
globinaemia – AV fistula
– Carbon monoxide
intoxication

– Thoracic fluid – Pneumonia – BOAS
– Pneumothorax – Neoplasia – Laryngeal paralysis
– Diaphragmatic hernia – Oedema – Laryngeal oedema
– Space-occupying lesion – Fibrosis – Airway collapse
in the pleural cavity – Atelectasis – Asthma (cat)
(e.g. neoplasia) – Foreign body
– Neoplasia

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