Page 85 - Withrow and MacEwen's Small Animal Clinical Oncology, 6th Edition

64 PART I The Biology and Pathogenesis of Cancer

TABLE 3.1 Nomenclature of Common Tumor Types in Veterinary Medicine
Tissue or Cell of Origin Benign Malignant
VetBooks.ir Epithelial Squamous papilloma Squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous
Transitional Papilloma Transitional cell carcinoma
Glandular Adenoma, cystadenoma Adenocarcinoma, cystadenocarcinoma
Mesenchymal
Fibrous tissue Fibroma Fibrosarcoma
Adipose tissue Lipoma, infiltrative lipoma a Liposarcoma
Cartilage Chondroma Chondrosarcoma
Bone Osteoma Osteosarcoma, multilobular osteochondrosarcoma
Muscle (smooth) Leiomyoma Leiomyosarcoma
Muscle (striated/skeletal) Rhabdomyoma Rhabdomyosarcoma
Endothelial cells, blood vasculature Hemangioma Hemangiosarcoma
Endothelial cells, lymphatic Lymphangioma Lymphangiosarcoma
vasculature
Synovium Villonodular hyperplasia (nonneoplastic) Synovial cell sarcoma
Mesothelium — Mesothelioma
Melanocytes Benign melanoma (melanocytoma) Malignant melanoma, Melanosarcoma
Peripheral nerve — Malignant schwannoma, neurofibrosarcoma, peripheral nerve sheath
tumor
Perivascular wall — Perivascular wall tumor (PVWT) (previously hemangiopericytoma)
Uncertain origin b — Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)
Hematopoietic and Lymphoreticular
Lymphocytes — Lymphoma (tissue involvement) with subclassifications and leukemic
(in circulation) forms
Plasma cells Cutaneous plasmacytoma Multiple myeloma, plasmacytoid or plasmablastic lymphoma
Granulocytes — Myeloid leukemia
Red blood cells — Erythroid leukemia
Platelets — Megakaryocytic or megakaryoblastic leukemia
Histiocytes (macrophages or Histiocytoma Histiocytic sarcoma, malignant histiocytosis
dendritic cells)
Mast cells — Mast cell tumor c
Thymus d Thymoma, noninvasive Malignant thymoma (invasive), thymic carcinoma
Neural
Glial cells Astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma Astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendroglioma
Meninges Meningioma Malignant meningioma
Gonadal
Germ cells e Seminoma, dysgerminoma Seminoma, Dysgerminoma

Supportive cells e Sertoli cell tumor, granulosa cell tumor Sertoli cell tumor, granulosa cell tumor
Interstitial cells e Interstitial (Leydig) cell tumor, thecoma, Interstitial (Leydig) cell tumor
luteoma
a Infiltrative lipomas can be locally aggressive but do not metastasize.
b Histogenesis remains controversial; myofibroblasts, peripheral nerve sheath, or perivascular wall origin are considered. May be diagnosed by some as pleomorphic or anaplastic sarcoma.
c Theoretically, all mast cell tumors are potentially malignant, but grade I or low-grade mast cell tumors are often clinically benign.
d Thymic lymphoma can be classified as a hematopoietic neoplasm; however, thymoma and malignant thymoma (thymic carcinoma) are epithelial in origin.
e The terminology of these tumors does not distinguish between benign and malignant forms.