Page 1024 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition

VetBooks.ir LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

• Explain how type II hypersensitivity diseases occur when antibodies (and
complement) destroy normal cells.
• Describe how the destruction of transfused red blood cells is an example of type

II hypersensitivity.
• Explain the clinical signs and treatment of an incompatible transfusion response.
• Explain the pathogenesis of hemolytic disease of the newborn.

• Explain the pathogenesis of neonatal pancytopenia in calves.
• Understand why some drugs may bind to blood cells and make them targets of
antibodies in a type II hypersensitivity reaction.

• Describe the treatment of hemolytic disease and neonatal pancytopenia.
• Explain how blood group testing may be used to establish paternity.

Red blood cells, like nucleated cells, express cell surface
glycoproteins and glycolipids. Unlike the major histocompatibility

complex (MHC) molecules, these molecules are not involved in
antigen processing, although they do influence graft rejection
(allografts between blood group–incompatible animals are rapidly

rejected). Most are functional components of the cell membrane. For
example, the ABO glycoproteins in humans are anion and glucose
transporter proteins, while the molecules of the M and C systems of
sheep red cells are associated with the membrane potassium pump
and amino acid transport, respectively (Box 31.1).

Box 31.1

The Intestinal Microbiota and Blood

Groups

Intestinal mucus is “decorated” with blood-group antigens. These
are synthesized by enterocytes, but only in certain individuals
(secretors). These blood group antigens influence the composition
of the intestinal microbiota. Thus Bifidobacteria depend on these

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