Page 177 - Rule Outs in Small Animal Medicine, Problem-oriented Assessment of Problems in Physical Examination and Clinical Pathology, 2nd Edition

Basic laboratory diagnostics Basic laboratory diagnostics
Serum/Blood electrolyte concentrations Serum/Blood electrolyte concentrations

Innere Medizin
VetBooks.ir

Hyponatraemia

Relative
Absolute
(too much plasma)

Increased Excretion of other
Uptake of hypotonic
Loss reabsorption of osmotically active
fluids
water particles

– Glucose
Iatrogenic – Urea
Third spacing Gastrointestinal Renal Psychogenic (intravenous fluid Increased ADH – Iatrogenic
polydipsia release
therapy) (e.g. mannitol
therapy)

– Ascites – Vomiting – Hypoadreno-
– Thoracic effusion – Diarrhoea corticism Reactive
– Iatrogenic Inadequate release (baroreceptor
(therapy with stimulation)
diuretics)

– Iatrogenic – Hepatic
(therapy with dysfunction
antidiuretics) – Cardiac
insufficiency

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