Page 175 - Rule Outs in Small Animal Medicine, Problem-oriented Assessment of Problems in Physical Examination and Clinical Pathology, 2nd Edition

Basic laboratory diagnostics
Serum/Blood electrolyte concentrations

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Hypernatraemia

Absolute Relative
(too much (reduced plasma
sodium) volume)

Iatrogenic Inadequate Loss of
Salt (intra- Increased
intoxication reabsorption uptake of hypotonic
venous water fluids
fluid
therapy
with
hypertonic – Hyper- – No access Third- Gastro-
to water
aldosteronism
NaCl spacing intestinal Renal
solution) – Primary
hypodipsia

– Ascites – Vomiting – Acute
– Thoracic – Diarrhoea kidney injury
effusion – Chronic
– Vasculitis kidney
disease

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