Page 1247 - Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine

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Table 127.1 Commonly used medical therapies for urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence

Drug Class Dose Side‐effects Caution
Phenylpropanolamine Alpha‐agonist 1.0–2 mg/kg PO q8–12h Hypertension, aggression, Hypertension,
(PPA) (Proin™) restlessness, gastrointestinal Hyperadrenocorticism,
upset, anxiety renal disease
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) Estrogen 0.1–1.0 mg/dog PO q24h for Myelosuppression (rare at Males (can develop
5–7 days then weekly or as these doses), attractiveness prostatic metaplasia)
needed to males, mammary/vulvar
swelling, behavior changes
Estriol (Incurin™) Estrogen 2 mg/dog PO q24h × 14 days, Same as DES Same as DES
then reduce to 1 mg q24h
Testosterone cypionate Testosterone 2.2 mg/kg IM q4–8 weeks Behavior change, Cardiac disease, renal
aggression, perianal disease, hepatic
adenoma, prostatic disease, prostatic
hyperplasia disease
IM, intramuscular; PO, by mouth (per os).