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• The Lake Grass-mere salt works in Marlborough produces the metal compound
known as sodium chloride from ‘salty’ seawater.
Metals can be produced (smelted) from their ores by a variety of methods:
• Aluminum is produced from its ore (bauxite) by passing a very large
electric current through a molten mixture of the ore and a compound called cryolite.
• Titanium is mostly produced from its ore (rutile) by the Kroll Process, where the ore
is treated with chlorine gas followed by reaction with magnesium metal.
Table 2.4: Some examples of metallic compounds
Organic Compounds. Organic compounds belonging to the main class can be divided into
different families, known as homologous series, on the basis of similarity in structure and
chemical properties. All compounds having the same carbon framework (skeleton) and the
same functional group in their molecules possess similar properties. Such compounds when
arranged in order of their molecular masses constitute a series called homologous series and
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