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Philosophy and Fundamentals of Sharī’ah for Islamic Finance
SHA0011

4. Preservation of Wealth

As economic resources are relatively depleting, Islamic finance seek to
achieve a sustainable development that caters both present and future
needs in respect to wealth preservation. Therefore, zakāh for instance is
imposed on the surplus of one’s revenue that remains for a considerable
period of time (ḥaul). Likewise, it is prohibited for anyone to spend his
money or wealth without due reason and authority may impose certain
limitation on those considered as prodigals (safīh).

Yaḥya narrated to me from Mālik that he had heard that Umar ibn
al-Khaṭṭāb said, “Trade with the property of orphans and then it will not
be eaten away by zakāh”
(Imām Mālik: Muwaṭṭa’)

5. Brotherhood

Commercial transaction must be conducted in the light of brotherhood.
The manifestation of brotherhood transpired in both parties wanting
benefits from the contract. There should not be any bad intentions
(mala fide) to each other in completing the contract.

Allāh SWT says:
“O mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and
made you peoples and tribes that you may know one another. Indeed,
the most noble of you in the sight of Allāh SWT is the most righteous of
you. Indeed, Allāh SWT is Knowing and Acquainted”.
(al-Ḥujurāt 49: 13)