Page 32 - DinQ 225 October 2021 Part -2
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The Abay case
The Abay casee
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Who Owns the Nile?
Who Owns the Nile?
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By ANDREW CARLSONN disruption it brought to the lives of monarch was not consulted—at least in
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By ANDREW CARLSON
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the indigenous upper Nile peoples. part because no one understood how
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Part Three
Part Threee
P P a r t T h r e e If the 300 mile-long Jonglei Canal much Nile water actually came from
had been completed, it would have Ethiopia.
.The French conceived of the idea increased water flows by nearly 4 The 1959 Nile Waters Agreement
of building a dam on the White Nile, billion cubic meters into the White between Egypt and Sudan was com-
so as to undermine British influence Nile. pleted before all the upriver states
further downriver and establish east- achieved independence: Tanganika
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Negotiating the Nile:
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west control of the continent. They Negotiating the Nile: (1961), Uganda (1962), Rwanda (1962),
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Treaties and Agreements
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organized a stupendous pincer move- Treaties and Agreements Burundi (1962), and Kenya (1963).
ment with one group of soldiers trav- over the Nile Waters
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over the Nile Waterss
eling from East Africa across Ethio- The signatories of the 1959 Agree-
pia and the other from West Africa Treaty negotiations
across the Congo. about Nile waters
started during the colo-
The British heard of the French
expedition, and, having just captured nial era as England tried
Khartoum ordered a fleet of gun boats to maximize agricultural
and steamers with soldiers under the productivity in the
leadership of General Horatio Herbert delta.
Kitchener upriver to Fashoda, the site In 1902 the British
of the proposed dam. With fewer than secured from the Ethio-
200 men, the French were embar- pian Emperor Menelik
rassed. In 1899 the two colonial pow- II an agreement to con-
ers reached an agreement which desig- sult with them on any
nated to France the frontiers of the Blue Nile water pro-
Congo River and to England the fron- jects, especially on Lake
tiers of the White Nile. Tana. As the controlling
The Fashoda Incident revealed how imperial power in East
little Europeans understood about the Africa, agreements with
Nile River. Thinking that most of the Kenya, Tanganika, Su-
Nile waters came from the equatorial dan, and Uganda were
lakes (Victoria, Albert, Kyoga, and Ed- pro forma, internal co- “While Egypt is taking the Nile water to transform the Sahara Desert into something green, we in Ethiopia
ward), the English spent enormous en- lonial matters. —who are the source of 85% of that water—are denied the possibility of using it to feed ourselves.”
ergy on plans to increase White Nile After achieving its
water flows. independence in 1922, Egypt negoti- ment allocated Egypt 55.5 billion cubic
meters of water annually while Sudan
First called the Garstin Cut and ated the Nile Waters Agreement of
later the Jonglei Canal, the British in- 1929 with the East African British was allowed 18.5 billion cubic meters.
tended to create a channel that would colonies. This accord established These 79 billion cubic meters repre-
maximize water transfer through the Egypt’s right to 48 billion cubic me- sented 99% of the calculated average
great swamp (where half of it evapo- ters of water flow, all dry season wa- annual river flow.
rated). ters, and veto-power over any up- The treaty also allowed for the con-
river water management projects; struction of the Aswan High Dam
One of the most expensive engi- newly independent Sudan (1956) (completed in 1971), the Roseires Dam
neering projects in Africa, it was termi- was accorded rights to 4 billion cu- (completed 1966 on the Blue Nile in Su-
nated in 1984 by the Sudan People’s bic meters of water. The Ethiopian dan), and the Khashm al-Girba Dam
Liberation Army, because of the severe (completed in 1964 on the Atbara River
”
“ኢትዮጵያ ለዘላለም ትኑር ” ድንቅ መጽሔት ሚያዝያ 2013
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““ኢትዮጵያያ ለዘላለምም ትኑርር ” ድንቅቅ መጽሔትት ሚያዝያያ 20133
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32 “ኢትዮጵያ በክብር ለዘላለም ትኑር” DINQ ጥቅምት 2021 0 0 1 1 3
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