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Figure 1.5. Some Illustrations on Shared Meaning. Retrieved from sharedmeaning.club.

As an “affective-socio-cognitive” approach. PALAR is a holistic approach to learning,

research and development, recognizing and dealing with our emotions, feelings and intuitions (the

affective realm), as well as our logical, rational, analytical, and critical thinking (the cognitive

realm), and with social influences, contexts, and conditions (the social realm). Within our social

relationships, we negotiate meanings through dialogue, dialectics, paradoxes, and discussions

among critical friends who trust and respect one another as equals, while each has unique talents

and viewpoints. This affective-socio-cognitive approach to PALAR has been confirmed and

validated by neuroscientific research. Fletcher (2015) has constructively compared PALAR

principles with principles of neuroscience, as Figure 2 and Table 3 (in Methodology) demonstrate.

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