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(48) Gornall, J. ‘Industry attack on academics.’ BMJ 338, no. mar09 1
(March 9, 2009): b736-b736.

(49) Ibid.
(50) Steinbrook R. Gag clauses in clinical-trial agreements. N. Engl.
J. Med. 2005 May 26;352(21):2160–2.
(51) Mello MM, Clarridge BR, Studdert DM. Academic medical cen-
ters’ standards for clinical-trial agreements with industry. N. Engl. J. Med.
2005;352(21):2202.
(52) This is one of many stories for which I recommend delving into the
horrible details, if you’re interested. A good place to start here is Prof David
Colquhoun’s blog on the topic, with many links http://www.dcscience.net/
?p=193 and this BMJ piece written by a lawyer, to keep the lawyers read-
ing this book happy: Dyer C. Aubrey Blumsohn: Academic who took on
industry. BMJ. 2009 Dec 15;339(dec15 1):b5293-b5293.
(53) Wendler D, Krohmal B, Emanuel EJ, Grady C, for the ESPRIT Group.
Why Patients Continue to Participate in Clinical Research. Arch Intern Med.
2008 Jun 23;168(12):1294–9.
(54) McDonald AM, Knight RC, Campbell MK, Entwistle VA, Grant AM,
Cook JA, et al. What influences recruitment to randomised controlled tri-
als? A review of trials funded by two UK funding agencies. Trials. 2006;7:9.
(55) Simes RJ. Publication bias: the case for an international registry of
clinical trials. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 1986 Oct 1;4(10):1529–1541.
(56) Chalmers Iain. Underreporting Research Is Scientific Miscon-
duct. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 1990 Mar
9;263(10):1405–1408.
(57) Chalmers I. From optimism to disillusion about commitment
to transparency in the medico-industrial complex. JRSM. 2006 Jul
1;99(7):337–341.

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