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(12) Turner EH, Matthews AM, Linardatos E, Tell RA, Rosenthal R. Se-
lective Publication of Antidepressant Trials and its Influence on Apparent
Efficacy. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jan 17;358(3):252–60.

(13) Here is the classic early paper arguing this point: Chalmers
Iain. Underreporting Research Is Scientific Misconduct. JAMA. 1990 Mar
9;263(10):1405–1408.

(14) Sterling T. Publication decisions and their possible effects on in-
ferences drawn from tests of significance—or vice versa. Am Stat Assoc J
1959;54:30–4.

(15) Sterling TD, Rosenbaum WL, Weinkam JJ. Publication decisions
revisited—the effect of the outcome of statistical tests on the decision to
publish and vice-versa. Am Stat 1995;49:108–12.

(16) Bacon F (1645). Franc Baconis de Verulamio/Summi Angliae Can-
cellarii/Novum organum scientiarum. [Francis Bacon of St. Albans Lord
Chancellor of England. A ‘New Instrument’ for the sciences] Lugd. Bat: apud
Adrianum Wiingaerde, et Franciscum Moiardum. Aphorism XLVI (p. 45-
46).

(17) Fowler T (1786). Medical reports of the effects of arsenic in the
cure of agues, remitting feveres and periodic headachs. London: J Johnson,
pp. 105–107.

(18) Hemminki E. Study of information submitted by drug companies
to licensing authorities. Br Med J. 1980 Mar 22;280(6217):833–6.

(19) Lee K, Bacchetti P, Sim I. Publication of clinical trials support-
ing successful new drug applications: a literature analysis. PLoS Med
2008;5(9):e191.

(20) Melander H, Ahlqvist-Rastad J, Meijer G, Beermann B. Evidence
b(i)ased medicine—selective reporting from studies sponsored by phar-
maceutical industry: review of studies in new drug applications. BMJ
2003;326:1171–3.

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