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Answer

The correct answer is D. Remember photosynthetic organisms can make their own food, but they still
must use this food for aerobic respiration to drive cell processes.

Mitosis and Meiosis

Cell division is essential for body growth, repair, and maintenance, as well as reproduction. The most
critical aspect of cell division is the copying of the genetic information in the nucleus to ensure each new
cell has the genetic information necessary to operate.

Mitosis is the copying and division of the genetic material in the nucleus and is followed by cell division; it
occurs in the somatic (body) cells.

Meiosis is a specialized form of mitosis, which occurs in the reproductive tissues only. The basic steps are
the same but with an extra division. In human beings (we have twenty-three paired chromosomes),
a gamete (reproductive or sex cell) will have only twenty-three total chromosomes. Fertilization will
restore the original pair by combining an equal number of chromosomes from each parent.

See below for an image of mitosis.

Here’s a review of mitosis:

Interphase
DNA is duplicated.

Prophase
Chromosomes form when the DNA strands shorten.
Each chromosome and its duplicate are called chromatids.
Spindle fibers begin to form.
Nuclear membrane begins to break down.

Metaphase
Spindle fibers attach to chromatids.
Chromatids line up at the “equator” of the spindle.

Anaphase
Spindle fibers shorten.
Individual chromatids are pulled apart.

Telophase
Chromosomes begin to decompress.
Cytoplasm begins to divide.
Nuclear envelope begins to form around the DNA.