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Recommended Resources

        Beginning to Read: Thinking and Learning about Print . (Marilyn Adams): MIT Press, 1994.


        Direct Instruction Reading. (Douglas W. Carnine, et. al.): Prentice Hall, 1996.

        Phonics from A to Z . (Wiley Blevins): Teaching Resources, 1999.


        Phonics They Use : Words for Reading and Writing . (Patricia M. Cunningham): Allyn & Bacon, 2004.

        Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children. (Catherine E. Snow, ed., et. al., Committee on the
        Prevention of Reading Difficulties in Young Children): National Academy Press, 1998.


        Speech to Print: Language Essentials for Teachers. (Louisa Cook Moats): Paul H. Brookes Publishing
        Company, 2000.

        Teaching Vocabulary in All Classrooms . (Camille Blachowicz and Peter Fisher): Prentice Hall, 2001.


        Vocabulary Development . (Steven A. Stahl): Brookline Books, 1998.





        Comprehension of Texts


        Word Comprehension


        Lesson Objective


        In this lesson you will learn about roots, prefixes, and suffixes; comprehension strategies for
        identification of unknown words such as context clues and word relationships, and techniques to
        assess and improve vocabulary power.



        Vocabulary development is a lifelong goal for most of us, but it’s essential for new readers. Providing
        students with the tools they need to learn and identify new words improves comprehension and
        fluency and promotes confident active readers.

        Parts Equal the Whole


        One of the most effective ways to strengthen student’s' vocabulary is to teach them to break words into
        manageable parts. In compound words, for example, two words combine to create a new word with a
        different meaning such as firefly, rainbow, or snowflake.



        Most English language words, however, are composed of word parts—much like building blocks—that
        combine in a multitude of ways to create meaning. Familiarity with these building blocks enables a student
        to decipher not only the definition of a word, but also its function in a sentence.

                 •     Words can be composed of a root or base word and affixes, such as: prefixes and
                 suffixes.
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