Page 79 - Phytochemistry -1 (PG404) / Clinical Pharmacy 2nd level students ( 2019 )

Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

the formation of a reddish-violet color at the junction of the two layers,

and a green color in the chloroform solution indicates the presence of

unsaturated sterols and/or triterpenes.

b. Salkowski's test:

Add to the remaining portion of chloroform solution an equal volume of

sulfuric acid and shake, the formation of a yellow color changing to

orange and then to red, indicates the presence of unsaturated sterols and/or

triterpenes.

8. Test for alkaloids and/or nitrogenous bases

Extract about 10 g of powdered drug with about 50 ml of dilute

hydrochloric acid. Render the extract alkaline with ammonium hydroxide

solution, and extract with three successive portions, 15 ml each, of

chloroform., Evaporate the combined chloroform extracts to dryness,
dissolve the residue in 2 ml of hydrochloric acid and then add few drops

of Mayer's, Dragendorff's or picric acid reagent. The formation of a
precipitate indicates the probable presence of alkaloids and/or nitrogenous

bases.
9. Test for oxidase enzyme:

Triturate about 1 g of the powdered sample with 20 ml of distilled water

and filter. Add 0.3 ml of hydrogen peroxide (20 volumes) and 0.3 ml of

1% benzidine in 90% ethyl alcohol. The development of a blue color

indicates the probable presence of oxidase enzymes.

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