Page 234 - Pharmacognosy 2 PG303
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Pharmacognosy-2 (PG303)                              Level 2                Clinical Pharmacy-Pharm D

                    6- Fragment of the epidermis from the            13- Part of a group of
                    margin of a scale leaf in surface view             vessels and tracheids
                    showing cuticular striations, a stoma (sa.)
                      and attached trichomes.
                      7- A detached trichome.                        .

              Uses
                     Because of its saponin content, it is used as expectorant in bronchitis with the
              production  of  thick  or  little  sputum  and  in  catarrh  in  respiratory  tract  and
              emphysema. On intraperitoneal administration in rats, the saponins isolated from the
              plant cause an increase in the ACTH hormone, corticosterone and glucose blood
              level.















              Side Effects
                     Only on over-dosage: nausea, diarrhea, stomach upsets and dizziness.

              Adulterations
                     It happens occasionally, mainly with the roots of other Polygala sp; often,
              they can be recognized microscopically, but with more certainty on microscopic
              examination (starch, crystals, stone cells... etc.).

                     The smaller roots of southern of white senega, which comes from the southern
              USA, are derived from P. alba Nutt. and P boykini Nutt. Pakistan senega is stated
              to  come  from  Andrachne aspera Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae). Syrian senega, from
              Pergularia  marginata  (DC.)  Kittel  (Caryophyllaceae)  and  Indian  senega,  from
              Glinus oppositifolius (L.) A.DC. (Molluginaceae or Aizoaceae) can be recognized
              by their deviating chromatograms in the TLC test of identity.






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