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a key step in the process of risk management. The recent changes in
           corporate governance guidelines made in Indian financial institutions are
           as follows:
           X   IRDA (Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority) - 2016
               Corporate Governance Guidelines are sharper and have described the
               objectives of risk management committee. The guidelines also state
               that certain positions cannot be held by the same individual due to
               conflict of interest.

           X   Reserve Bank of India - governs the risk management activities for
               Indian Banks.

           X   SEBI (Security Exchange Board of India) - 2015 Corporate Governance
               Guidelines for listing companies. In 2017, SEBI has issued a circular
               on Board evaluation.

           X   Company Laws - 2013 Company law requires having risk
               management assessment by the Board.


           What is risk management?
           Risk management is a proactive step of identification of risks, assessing
           their impact, and preparing an action plan should such risks occur in
           reality. Risk management is not just about identifying the risks;
           management action is an integral part of the process. Stressing the same
           point, the Chinese President quoted while addressing the National
           Financial Conference that "Failure to detect financial risk is a breach of
           duty; spotting risks without addressing them, a refusal to perform the
           duty".

           It is important to understand that risk management through a silo
           approach is no longer sufficient where risk management is performed by
           a few departments only. In the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM)
           concept, risk management is performed across the organization where
           every employee is a risk manager. The silo approach to risk management
           does not work as risks are highly correlated and cannot be segmented



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