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These two is also called situational analysis.

Biophysical and socio-economic survey and analysis can be
accomplished through an integrated approach where
participants are being observed, used of questionnaires,
interview of key informants, thus,

1. Survey of biophysical (natural) environment

A study on the biophysical environment components

a. Biological Factors/Biotic Factors
 Type and distribution of vegetation cover
 Plant indicators of site productivity
 Potential weed species/competitors
 Potential endemic plants for agroforestry

 Macro and micro faunal components
 Wild animals and domestic animals especially the
destructive ones
 Insects, pest, and pathogenic organisms

 Weed problems affect all kinds of crops that can be grown

b. Soil Factors
Study the soil in their physical properties as it affects or
influence the growth of plant.
o Soil texture, structure, depth, drainage properties,
erodibility, porosity, dryness. Analyze also their
chemical properties.
o Nutrient content, ph, organic matter content, cation
exchange capacity, base saturation point, etc.

c. Climatic Factors
 Rainfall (annually and monthly distribution)
 Temperature (maximum & minimum and average
temperature by month)
 Wind (intensity, direction) occurrence of typhoons
 Catastrophic events (storm and fire frequency, intensity,
seasonal occurrence, etc.)
 Climatic factors of an area could be obtained from
meteorological station or secondary sources.
 Experimentation instrumentation
o Key information and interview

d. Physiographic Factors
o Elevation (altitude)
o Exposure (aspects)
o Slope (gradient)