Page 22 - Practical Technology 2025

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Clinical Pharmacy-Pharm D Level Three 2 Semester 2024/2025 Pharmaceutical Technology (PT 607)

Lab (1): Heat Transfer

Heat is that from of energy which flows from one system to another when
there is a temperature differential between the systems.

Heat Transfer is the actual flow of heat energy between systems by one of

the following mechanisms:

Conduction Convection Radiation
Conduction is the When heat flows by Radiation is a term
flow of heat by direct flows by actual given to the
contact between a mixing of warmer transfer of energy
warmer and a cooler portions with cooler through space by
body without bulk portions of the same
motion. materials, the means of
mechanisms is known electromagnetic
as convection. waves.

Tubular heaters and heat exchangers

Tubular Heaters Tubular Heat Exchanger

Heat transfer from gas to liquid Heat transfer from liquid to liquid or from
gas to gas

Tubular Heaters:

Tubular
heater

Multi Single
pass pass

Fixed Floating
head head

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