Page 115 - Transformasi Masyarakat Indonesia dan Historiografi Indonesia Modern

Djoko Suryo

both in the expansion of institutional arrangement and in
changes in approach and in methods of study. In some cases
these took the form of “area studies” in which the method of a
variety of social science (sociology, anthropology, political sci-
ence, economics) together with history, literature and philoso-
phy were caried out together for the study of a certain area. In
other cases, the disciplines were reserved as providing distinc-
tive methods of understanding. With differing emphases and
styles of organization, several programmes was developed in
America, Canada, Britain, the Netherlands, the Soviet Union,
Australia and New Zealand. At the same time Asian countries
expanded the Southeast Asian emphases of existing universi-
ties the Atanio de Manila), Chulalongkorn and Thammasat
University in Bangkok, Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta,
the University of Malaya in Kuala Lumpur, and the University
of Singapore).
With regard to respond the challenge of globalization pro-
cess in the 21 century, in this paper, 1 propose to expand the
st
regional history of Southeast Asia from within by expanding
the social history approach. As its name implies, social history
deals with the history of society. The chief problems of disci-
17
plinary delineation and explanation arise in establishing just
what the Southeast Asian society is and how it could have a
history. At one spectrum, it is primarily an interpretive recon-
struction of the observable lives of ordinary people and as such
being different from traditional history only by virtue of the
sort of people it deals with. Another spectrum, places great
emphasis upon the “scientific” counting of individual events.
Both these approaches tend to see their object in atomistic terms,
as consisting of the aggregation of host of discrete individual
social or economic action or live. At the other end of the spec-
trum is a view which sees social history as being concerned

17 Christopher Lloyd, op.cit., pp.1

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