Page 226 - Using MIS

194 Chapter 5 Database Processing

aCtive review

Use this Active Review to verify that you understand the ideas Q6 How is a data model transformed into
and concepts that answer the chapter’s study questions. a database design?

Q1 What is the purpose of a database? Name the three components of a database design. Define nor-
malization and explain why it is important. Define data integ-
State the purpose of a database. Explain the circumstances in rity problem and describe its consequences. Give an example
which a database is preferred to a spreadsheet. Describe the of a table with data integrity problems and show how it can
key difference between Figures 5-1 and 5-2.
be normalized into two or more tables that do not have such
problems. Describe two steps in transforming a data model
Q2 What is a database?
into a database design. Using an example not in this chapter,
Define the term database. Explain the hierarchy of data and show how 1:N and N:M relationships are represented in a re-
name three elements of a database. Define metadata. Using lational database.
the example of Student and Office_Visit tables, show how re-
lationships among rows are represented in a database. Define Q7 What is the users’ role in the
the terms primary key, foreign key, and relational database. development of databases?

Q3 What is a database management Describe the users’ role in the database development. Explain
system (DBMS)? why it is easier and cheaper to change a data model than to
change an existing database. Use the examples of Figures 5-26c
Explain the acronym DBMS and name its functions. List five pop- and 5-27c in your answer. Describe two criteria for judging a
ular DBMS products. Explain the difference between a DBMS data model. Explain why it is important to devote time to un-
and a database. Summarize the functions of a DBMS. Define derstanding a data model.
SQL. Describe the major functions of database administration.
Q8 2025?
Q4 How do database applications make Describe the reasons for the creation of the relational model.
databases more useful? Explain the comparison of the relational model to a parking
garage. Describe factors that favor the continuation of the use
Explain why database tables, by themselves, are not very use-
ful to buiness users. Name the four elements of a database of this model. Using AllRoad Parts, describe a storage need that
application and describe the purpose of each. Explain the does not fit into the natural structures of the relational model.
difference between a database application and a database ap- Define NoSQL data store and give three examples. Define
plication program. Describe the nature of traditional database BigData and explain the elements of vvv. Explain two ways that
applications. Explain why browser-based applications are bet- knowledge of NoSQL databases is useful to you as a business
ter than traditional ones. Name the primary technologies used professional. Explain what your posture should be with regard
to support browser-based applications. to relational databases and NoSQL databases if you are an MIS
major or minor.
Q5 How are data models used for
database development? using Your Knowledge
with allroad parts
Explain why user involvement is critical during database de-
velopment. Describe the function of a data model. Sketch the Lucas is going to provide Addison with two tables of data.
database development process. Define E-R model, entity, rela- She will need to combine them using keys and foreign keys
tionship, attribute, and identifier. Give an example, other than to create the report she wants. You will see how she does this
one in this text, of an E-R diagram. Define maximum cardinal- in Chapter 9 and have a chance to do some of her work in
ity and minimum cardinality. Give an example of three maxi- Application Exercise 9-3. Explain how her knowledge gives her
mum cardinalities and two minimum cardinalities. Explain the a competitive advantage. Describe one way you could use your
notation in Figures 5-21 and 5-22. knowledge of MongoDB at AllRoad Parts.