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1.2. KOMPOSIT MATRIK LOGAM (METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES – MMC) ............................................. 86
1.3. KOMPOSIT MATRIK KERAMIK (CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES – CMC) ......................................... 87
1.1.1. Partikel sebagai penguat (Particulate composites) ................................................ 89
1.1.2. Fiber sebagai penguat (Fiber composites) .............................................................. 90
1.1.3. Fiber sebagai sturktural (Structute composites) ..................................................... 94
6. KELEBIHAN BAHAN KOMPOSIT .................................................................................................... 97

7. KEKURANGAN BAHAN KOMPOSIT ............................................................................................... 98
8. KEGUNAAN BAHAN KOMPOSIT ................................................................................................... 98
9. CONTOH MATERIAL KOMPOSIT ................................................................................................. 100

10. RANGKUMAN ........................................................................................................................... 101
XI. PENGECORAN ........................................................................................................................... 102
1. PENGECORAN ATAU PENUANGAN (CASTING) ....................................................................... 102
1.1. SAND CASTING (PENUANGAN DENGAN CETAKAN PASIR). ............................................................ 103
1.2. BAHAN CETAKAN DAN BAHAN TERAS ...................................................................................... 105
1.3. PENGUATAN CETAKAN ........................................................................................................ 106
1.4. PENDUKUNG TERAS ............................................................................................................ 107
1.5. RANGKA CETAKAN (FRAME). ................................................................................................ 107
1.6. PERKAKAS CETAK. .............................................................................................................. 108
1.7. PROSES PEMBUATAN CETAKAN. ............................................................................................ 109
2. PROSES PELEBURAN (PENCAIRAN) LOGAM TUANGAN (COR) .............................................. 127
1.1. BERAT JENIS, TITIK CAIR DAN KOEFISIEN KEKENTALAN ................................................................ 127
1.2. PROSES PELEBURAN BAHAN TUANGAN .................................................................................... 129
1.3. PROSEDUR KERJA PENGOPERASIAN DAPUR KUPOLA ................................................................... 129
1.4. PROSES PELEBURAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN DAPUR LISTRIK ..................................................... 131
3. PROSES PELEBURAN BAHAN TUANGAN ................................................................................ 134
1.1. CENTRIFUGAL CASTING (PENGECORAN) ................................................................................... 134
1.2. CONTINOUOS CASTING (PENGECORAN) .................................................................................. 136
1.3. SHELL MOULDING .............................................................................................................. 137
1.4. DIE CASTING ..................................................................................................................... 138
1.5. INVESTMENT CASTING ......................................................................................................... 141

4. FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENTING DALAM PROSES PENUANGAN (PENGECORAN) .......................... 144
1.1. TAMBAHAN PENYUSUTAN .................................................................................................... 144
1.2. TAMBAHAN PENYELESAIAN MESIN (MACHINING) ...................................................................... 144
1.3. TAMBAHAN PELENGKUNGAN (BENDING ALLOWANCE) .............................................................. 146
1.4. SISTEM SALURAN ............................................................................................................... 147
1.5. STANDARISASI UKURAN SALURAN .......................................................................................... 151
1.6. CHILL – IRON .................................................................................................................... 153
1.7. PEMBERSIHAN PRODUK PENGECORAN .................................................................................... 159
5. RANGKUMAN ........................................................................................................................ 162

XII. PERKAKAS TANGAN ................................................................................................................. 164
1. JENIS DAN FUNGSI PERKAKAS TANGAN ................................................................................ 164
1.1. PENGGORESAN ............................................................................................................. 164
1.2. PEMAHATAN ................................................................................................................. 165
1.3. PENGIKIRAN .................................................................................................................. 166
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