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LOS 11.j: Calculate and interpret a CI for a
    population mean, given a ND with 1) a known                                            Session Unit 3:
    PV, 2) an unknown PV, or 3) an unknown PV
    and a large sample size, p258!                                                         11. Sampling and Estimation




       To work out CI (as point estimate for the population mean), you need to set level of significance (alpha = α = 5%), required
       probability is 1 – α (= 95% = Degree of Confidence)



       In general, CI =  PE  ± (RF × SE)                        Always α/2 = 2 tailed because CI we need lower and upper limit



        where:
        •   PE = point estimate - value of a sample statistic of the corresponding parameter;
        •   RF = reliability factor – this depends on the sampling distribution of the PE & the p that the PE falls in the CI, (1 – α); and
        •   SE = standard error = of the PE
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