Page 21 - EALC C306/505

13

從 cóng (V) to follow

今 jin (N) the present day; (Adv) now, nowadays

以 yǐ (CV) in order to, on account of, by means of; (V) to take

要 yao (V) to control (often coercively), to seek and get (often by coercive
means); (N) the waist

[N.B. Distinguish from 要 (yào): (V) to want; (CV [MC]) shall in
the future (future tense marker)]

既 jì (Adv) [having] already

既 V 1 而 V 2 Having V 1-ed, to V 2.

棄 qì (V) to discard

惑 hùo (N) confusion about alternatives, perplexity, wrongheadedness

甚 shèn (SV) extreme, utmost; (Adv) extremely

終 zhong (Adv) in the end; (N) an end; (V) to end

亦 yì (Adv) also, surely, indeed

必 bì (Adv) certainly, necessarily, must

亡 wáng (V) to perish

Grammar and Notes

2.1 The particle zhĕ 者

Zhĕ is a very common particle in WYW. It is always a nominalizer – it is bound to the
word or phrase that precedes it and either reinforces its nominal character or transforms it
into a noun.

Zhĕ may generally be considered a short form of one of three phrases: