Page 434 - Chemistry eBook

The Alcohol Functional Group
Table R
Organic Functional Groups
Class of Compound
Functional Group
General Formula
Example
F (fluoro-) R X
In an alcohol, one or more H’s are replaced with O-H.
halide Cl (chloro-) (X represents (Rhaelofcfayrb,onT)ableBRr (b(rpom.o8-)) any halogen) I (iodo-)
ether O R O R′ •Functionalgroup:AnO-Hisattachmeedthtyloetthhyleetheyrdrocarbon
• General formula: The O-H is attached to the outside of the carbon group.
aldehyde
CH RCH
There are many Regents questions on alcohols.
alcohol
OH
R OH
CH3CH2CH2OH 1-propanol
OO
O
CH CHClCH 33
2-chloropropane
CH OCH CH 323
CH3CH2C H
propanal
ketone
organic acid
ester
OO
C R C R′
OO
C OH R C OH
O
CH3CCH2CH2CH3 2-pentanone
O
CH3CH2C OH propanoic acid
O
CH3CH2COCH3 methyl propanoate
OO
C O R C O R′
433 © UNIT 11: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY