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INTERNATIONAL

the extensive codification, there is currently no single 1. The legal regulation of social relations in the sphere
code in France regulating social relations arising from of transport activity in Russia, England and France was
commercial navigation. These relations are regulated born and began to develop gradually, initially on the basis
by a number of laws and decrees, as well as special of customs.
codes that cover a narrow area of legal relations that
arise in the process of carrying out transport activities. 2. With the development of legal regulation of relations
In particular, the following normative legal acts can be from transport activities and the adoption of special acts
singled out: Law of France of June 18, 1966 No. 66-420 on transport, by the end of the nineteenth century a fairly
"On the Chartering Agreement and Sea Carriage" as harmonious system of norms was formed, which stipu-
amended by Law No. 88-1091 of December 1, 1988; lated the consolidation of the term "transport law'
Law of France of January 3, 1967 No. 67-5 "On the
status of ships and other sea-going floating assets' as 3. Russian and European transport law has historically
amended by the law of January 16, 2001, No. 2001-43; been formed as a set of norms of different branches of
Law of January 3, 1969 No. 69-8 "On Ownership and law that regulate a wide range of activities of different
Marine Sales"; Disciplinary and criminal code of the modes of transport. As it developed, it took into account
merchant fleet (Code disciplinaire et penal de la ma- the changes taking place in the country's economy, and at
rine marchande); Code of laws on seaports (Code des the same time, from the stage to the stage of its develop-
ports maritimes) and the Maritime Labor Code (Code ment, more and more thoroughly and comprehensively
du travail maritime). regulated the diverse social relations that develop in the
field of transport activity.
Despite the fact that the legislator initially paid the most
attention to the regulation of merchant shipping, other
transport areas eventually also received consistent and
comprehensive legal regulation. Thus, the public rela-
tions that develop in the field of air transport are regu-
lated by the Code of Civil Aviation (Code de l'aviation
civile). This code is essentially a normative legal act,
combining the norms of public and private law (crimi-
nal, civil, administrative, labor, environmental, etc.),
comprehensively regulating various social relations aris-
ing in the field of civil aviation. In particular, it contains References:
provisions on aircraft and their registration, the move- 1. Spirin I.V. Motor transport law. Textbook for students
ment of aircraft, airfields, contracts for the carriage of of educational institutions of secondary vocational edu-
goods and passengers, the commander and crew of the cation. M.- Publishing Academy, 2006. P.M.
aircraft, the peculiarities of their work and leisure, disci- 2. Shershenevich G.F. Course of commercial law. T3. Bills
plinary offenses, investigation of accidents and incidents, of exchange. The law of the sea. Moscow: "Statute' 2003.
operational restrictions with noise produced by aircraft. P.182.
A similar act exists in the field of inland waterway trans- 3. Zakhvataev V.N. Commercial Code of France. Mari-
port - the Code of Inland Water Transport (Code du time ordinance of 1681. M .: "Walters k1over' 2008.
domaine public fluvial et de la navigation intérieure). P.496-561.
The traffic sphere is regulated by the Code of the road 4. Kovalchuk M.A. State-Legal Regulation of the Activity
(Code de la route), as well as the French Road Code of Railway Transport in Russia (1836-1917). Khabarovsk:
(Code de la voirie routière). The first fixes traffic rules Publishing House of FENU, 2007. P.26.
and requirements for vehicles, the second characterizes 5. The Code of Merchant Shipping of the Russian Federa-
the types of roads, their operation, construction and re- tion of April 30, 1999 No. 81-FZ II Rossiyskaya Gazeta.
construction. - No. 85-86. - 1999. - May 1-5.
6. The Code of Inland Water Transport of the Russian
Let us note that the legal regulation of public relations Federation of April 7, 2001 No. 24-FZ II Collection of leg-
from the activities of transport in both England and islation of the Russian Federation. 2001. NQ 11. Art. 1001.
France is based on the need to adopt acts harmonizing 7. The Air Code of the Russian Federation of March 19,
the norms of national transport law with the pan-Euro- 1997 No. 60-FZ II Collection of legislation of the Russian
pean law in force in this field. Federation. 1997. NQ 12. Art. 1383.
8. The Charter of Railway Transport of the Russian Feder-
Thus, summarizing the above, we can draw the following ation of January 10, 2003 No. 18-FZ II Collection of legis-
conclusions. lation of the Russian Federation. 2003. NQ 2. Art. 170.

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