Page 196 - Grammar_Explorer_3_Amy_Cooper_&_Samuela_Eckstut_Didier1_1 (1)_Neat

LEARN

7.1. Expressing Necessity and Prohibition

Ueeye Have To
You must check your luggage. We have to get up early for the tour.
She must fill in another form. He has to be careful when he flies.

Em Tels Not Have To
You must not text while driving. We don't have to get up early tomorrow.

She must not miss any more classes. Doesn't he have to go to class tonight?

1. Must and have to are used before a verb to Sue must pass the course in order to graduate.
show that something is necessary. Sue has to pass the course in order to graduate.

He always has to arrive at work by 9:00.
2. Have to is a modal-like expression. It has
She had to work late yesterday.
different forms for the present, past, future,
| will have to read the notes tomorrow.
and present perfect.
| have had to work on this problem all night.

3. Must is often used with rules, laws, and Drivers must obey the rules of the road. To get
commands. It is not usually used in a license, you must take a test and complete a
questions. written exam.
Have to is used to express necessity in most | have to finish the report today.
other situations. Have fo is more common in You have to think about your future.
conversation than must. Do we have to hand in our homework?
Workers must not enter the building until the
4. Must not means that something is prohibited
doors open at 9:00.
or not allowed.
Not have to means that it is not necessary to | don’t have to go to school tomorrow. It’s a
do something. holiday.

5. Have got to is also used to talk about /¥ | have got to study more next time.
necessity, but itis less formal than have to v I've got to study more next time.
or must. It is usually used only in affirmative X Have you got to study more next time?
statements, not in questions or negative X | haven't got to go.
statements.

*Modals are words such as can, could, should, and will. They add meaning to the main verb that follows them. Modals do not have
different forms and are always followed by the base form of a verb.

4 Circle the correct words to complete the conversation. In some sentences, more than one
answer is possible.

A: How was the scuba diving trip?

B It was terrific. But I (1) must Khad tDget my diving certification first.
A: Really? (2) Did you have to / Must you get it, or did you want to get it?

B Well, I (3) didn’t have to / must not have the certification to do basic diving, but that got boring
after a while. I 4) must / had to do the certification training in order to dive more freely.

A: — So what (5) do people have to / have people got to do for the certification? Are there
a lot of tests?
B: Well, everyone (6) has got to / must float or tread water for 10 minutes, and you

(7) have got to / must be able to swim 200 yards.

178 MODALS: PART 1
Copyright 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.