Page 27 - Confident Creatures

The Expectancy-Value Theory

In this theory; motivation of an individual is regulated by the

expectation that a particular undertaking will have certain outcome.
People act on the belief about their ability to do or not to do

something. People will also act based on what they predict or expect
are the consequences of their actions. Most people abandon or engage

unwillingly in activities in which they are not certain or sure of the

outcome. In this theory, most people want to assess the likely
outcomes of whatever they want do.

Goal Theory

This theory operates on the principle that the capacity and capability

of exercising self influence from goal challenges and the evaluative

reactions to one’s achievements provide a great cognitive mechanism
for motivation. Challenging goals provide a very important platform

of enhancing and sustaining motivation. In practice, goals operate

through processes which are self influenced instead of regulating
motivation and acting directly.

Motivation which originates from the setting of goals involves the

process of comparison.

You can make self satisfaction dependent upon adoption of matching

goals. In this case people will give direction of their behavior and then
create those incentives which can withstand their efforts till they

attain their goals. The theory also espouses that people seek self-
satisfaction after fulfilling goals which are valued. This prompts them

to intensify their efforts through discontent with performances which
are substandard.

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