Page 125 - Genomic Medicine in Emerging Economies

114 CHAPTER 6: Neuropsy chiatric Genomics in Latin Americ a

Table 6.5 An Overview of Published Pharmacogenetic Studies for
Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Latin American Countries
Disease/Treatment Country Genes Reference
ADHD/methylphenidate Brazil DRD4, SLC6A3, Zeni et al. (2007)
HTR1B, HTR2A,
SLC6A4
ADHD/methylphenidate Brazil ADRA2A Polanczyk et al. (2007)
ADHD/methylphenidate Brazil ADRA2A Da Silva et al. (2008)
ADHD/methylphenidate Brazil MAOA Guimaraes et al. (2009b)
Adult ADHD/methylphe- Brazil SLC6A3 Contini et al. (2010)
nidate
ADHD/methylphenidate Brazil COMT Salatino-Oliveira et al.
(2011)
Adult ADHD/methylphe- Brazil ADRA2A Contini et al. (2011)
nidate
ADHD/methylphenidate Brazil CES1 Bruxel et al. (2013)
ADHD/methylphenidate Brazil LPHN3 Bruxel et al. (2015)
Bipolar disorder/lithium Brazil INPP1, SLC6A4, Michelon et al. (2006)
BDNF, TFAP2B,
GSK3B
Major depressive disorder/ Mexico CYP2D6 Peñas-Lledó et al. (2013)
fluoxetine or amitrip-
tyline
Obsessive-compulsive Brazil HTR1B, HTR2A Corregiari et al. (2012)
disorder/citalopram
Schizophrenia/anti- Brazil CYP3A5, DRD3 Kohlrausch et al. (2008a)
psychotic treatment
response
Schizophrenia/clozapine Brazil GNB3 Kohlrausch et al. (2008b)
Schizophrenia/clozapine Brazil SLC6A4 Kohlrausch et al. (2010)
Schizophrenia/anti- Brazil DRD1 Ota et al. (2012)
psychotic treatment
response
Schizophrenia/clozapine Brazil CYP1A2 Kohlrausch et al. (2013)
Schizophrenia/haloperidol Mexico GSTM1 Gonzalez-Covarrubias
et al. (2016)

There are several working groups in Latin America that have as a goal the
translation of pharmacogenomics into clinical practice. The Ibero-American
Network of Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics (www.ribef.com) is an
initiative created in 2006 that has as its aim the promotion of personalized
medicine and collaborative pharmacogenetic research in Spanish and Portu-
guese speaking countries. The RIBEF organization has promoted several initia-
tives, such as the CEIBA consortium and the MESTIFAR project. The CEIBA
consortium studies the variability of phenotypes and genotypes in Latin Amer-
ica that are relevant to pharmacogenetics. MESTIFAR aims to analyze the eth-
nicity, genotype, and/or metabolic phenotype in Ibero-American populations.