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escaping. In addition, a car without ventilation (e.g., open windows) blocks the loss of energy via
convection.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the development of hot air extractor for vehicle cabin is one of the most interesting
projects to be investigated and studied. Even though, this device has been commercialized, but it is
still facing a several problems with the safety issue, efficiency and other problems. Thus, a new hot
air extractor is designed as well as constructed to has deep understanding on the rate of heat transfer
occur and also the efficiency itself. In this project, a hot air extractor is designed to reduce the
greenhouse effect. Though, it just a simple design, yet it can give a lot of benefits to the driver and
passengers especially when they park their car in a hot sunny day. The designed is however based on
the knowledge and references on the existing design in the market with a several modifications that
have been made. In addition, we have constructed a new circuit which includes a thermo sensor to
activate the device only at a certain temperature range so that it can reduce the power consumption of
the battery.

References
[1] Andrew Grundstein, V. M. (2009). Maximum vehicle cabin temperatures under different. Int J
Biometeorol , 255–261.
[2] Hussain H. Al-Kayiem, M. F. (2010). Study on the Thermal Accumulation and Distribution
Inside a Parked Car Cabin. American Journal of Applied Sciences ,784-789.
[3] I.R. Dadour, I. A. (2011). Temperature variations in a parked vehicle. Forensic Science
International , 205-211.
[4] Traffic and Safety Department. (1955). Vehicle Cabin Temperatures Survey. Queensland: Royal
Automobile Club of Queensland
[5] Vartabedian, R. (2006). Trying to save kids in hot cars. Los Angeles: Los Angeles Times.
[6] Darlene R. Stille, (1990). The Greenhouse Effect. Children Press 1990.
Reference to a book:
[7] Asthana, K. K. (2002). Heating and Air Conditioning System. In K. K. Ttti,
Automobile Engineering (pp. 422-426). Madipur, New Delhi: TataMcGraw-Hill.
[8] Cengel, Y. A. (2006). Heat and Mass Transfer. New York: Mc Grow Hill.
Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
[9] Chen, Ming-Hsiung, (1991). Vehicular Internal Fan Ventilator. United States Patent 4,986,169.
Viewed from http://patft.uspto.gov/
[10] Pidwirny, M. (2006). The Greenhouse Effect. Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Retrieved
April 3, 2011, from physicalgeography Web site:
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7h.html.