Page 34 - EM BIOLOGY NOTES 10TH CLASS PSR DIGITAL BOOKS

3. TRANSPORTATION
(THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM)

 Transportation is a life process which transports the materials Lesson related 1, 2, 4 marks
Activities Question and
between various parts of the body. videos Answers PDF
 Transport system consists of heart, blood and blood vessels. pl.scan QR pl.scan QR
 Blood flows continuously in our body through blood vessels with the help of heart.
 Blood transports the digestive food materials from digestive system to all parts of the
body.
 Transports O from lungs to all parts of the body.
2
 Transports CO from all parts of the body to lungs.
2
 Transports the nitrogenous waste materials from all parts of the body to kidneys.
 Transports hormones from endocrine glands to where ever it is necessary.
HEART
 Heart is the vital organ of human beings.
 It is located between the two lungs protected by ribcage.
 It is made up of cardiac muscle.
 It is the size of the fist of the person.
 It is pear shaped, wider at the anterior end and narrower at the posterior end.
 It is covered by two layers of membranes are called pericardial membranes.
 The space between two pericardial layers is filled with pericardial fluid.
 The blood vessels which are present in the walls of heart are coronary vessels which sup-
ply blood to the muscles of the heart.
 Internally heart is divided into 4 chambers.
 Two upper chambers are called Auricles/Atria.
 Two lower chambers are called ventricles.
 The walls of the ventricles are thicker than atrial walls.
 The right auricle and ventricle are larger than the left auricle and ventricle.
 Right and left auricles are separated by a inter-auricular septum.
 Right and left ventricles are seperated by a inter-ventricular septum.
 Right auricle opens into right ventricle through right auriculo-ventricular aperture.
 Left auricle opens into left ventricle through left auriculo-ventricular aperture.
 Tri-cuspid valve is located at right Auriculo-ventricular aperture.
 Bi-cuspid valve is located at left Auriculo-ventricular aperture.
 Superior and inferior venacavas are open into the right auricle.
 Two pulmonary veins are open into the left auricle.
 Pulmonary artery originates from the right ventricle.
 Systemic aorta originates from the left-ventricle.

HEART

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