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         204                         WESTERN ROUTES

            miles.
         total, stages.
                                     the Mecca conduit issues from the hills.
                                     Vegetables are cultivated in a vallev leading
                                     off S.
                            The road now becomes rocky and is enclosed between
                               mountains ; valleys cross in all directions ; acacia
                               trees occur in great abundance.
                            6 m. Wadi Numan is entered. There are                     some
                                     wells and a few plantations to S.
                            4 m. Shedad, cluster of huts and coffee-shops;                        i
                                     wells of very good water.
           32 32 Jebel Qora. The route begins to ascend the outlying
                               flanks of this mountain chain, which forms the
                               great watershed between Mecca and Ta’if. From
                               Mecca to this point the ascent has been easy and
                               gradual, almost imperceptible.
                            14 m. Qabr er-Raflq, a tomb built of loose stones.
                            14 m. Qahwat el-Qdra, a few huts among boulders
                                    on the slope of the mountain, near a stream
                                    which comes down from a spring at the head
                                    of the pass. The real ascent of Jebel Qora
                                    here begins. Camels are unloaded and their
                                    burdens carried to the top of the pass by
                                    mules and asses, for which purpose some 200
                                    are kept here. At the top other camels are
                                    ready, to carry on to Ta’if. The ascent is by
                                    a very steep and bad road, with many wind­
                                    ings. Steps are cut in certain places, and
                                    some half a dozen resting-places have been
                                    made at intervals. The stream mentioned
                                    above is crossed several times.
                            5  m. Naqb el-Ahmar, an isolated peak (500 ft.
                                    above the track) is passed to r.
          42  10 Ras el-Qdra, a village at the top of the pass, in a plain
                              about 3 m. long by 1 m. broad, with large masses
                              of granite scattered about. The plain is well
                              irrigated by a number of small rivulets of ex­
                              cellent w-ater. There are walled fields among the
                              rocks, and fine trees. Many of the fruits of
                              Europe flourish here, especially the vine, which
                              produces grapes of the best quality, but there
                              are no palms.



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