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‫ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦﺍﻷﻧﺒﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﺤﺎﺿﺮﺓ ﺃﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﻓﻰ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺃﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﻦ ﻡ‪١٩٩٥‬‬

                   ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ‪ :‬ﺟﻮ ﺃﻑ ﻫﻴﻠﻲ‬
                 ‫ﻗﻢ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﺳﻂ‬

                      ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎﺋﺮ‬

                                                    ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻂ‪:‬‬

‫ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺎﺒﻧﻁ ﻓﻰ ﻣﻮﻃﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻻﺻﻠﻰ (ﻧﺒﻄﻮ) ﻭﺗﻜﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺵ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻄﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻏﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ‬

‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻴﺪ ﺃﻮﺻﻢﻬﻟ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ (ﺳﻠﻤﻮﺍ)‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺤﺪﺩ ﺳﻜﻨﺎﻫﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ (ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ‬

‫ﻭﻓﻠﺴﻄﻴﻦ) ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﺎﺻﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺁﻧﺬﺍﻙ (ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺮﺍﺀ)‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻻﺻﻮﻟﻬﻢ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺾﺍﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﻧﺰﻭﺣﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺤﻮﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﺳﻜﻨﺖ ﺍﻻﺭﺩﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻻ ﺍﻥ ﺭﻏﻢ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺭﺧﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﻏﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ (ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ) ﻭﻧﻜﺎﺩ ﻧﻘﺮ ﺑﺼﺤﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﺘﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﺍﻻﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻭﺩﻳﺎﻧﺘﻬﻢ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻧﻪ‬

‫ﺍﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﻛﺜﺮﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻ ﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻄﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﺮﺑﺎً ﺍﺭﺗﺤﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﻭﺍ ﻑ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻭﺷﻜﻠﻮﺍ‬

‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻧﻜﺎﺩ ﻧﺠﻬﻞ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺩﻭﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻮﺓ ﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻻﺭﺍﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬

‫ﺍﺣﺘﻠﺖ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ (ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ)‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﻦ ﻇﺮﻭﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻮﺧﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﻏﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻄﻴﻮﻥ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺒﻨﻮﺍ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﺎ‪،‬‬

                                          ‫ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺸﺮﺑﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﺬ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺓ ﺇﺑﻞ ﻭﻏﻨﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻻﺩ) ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺗﻬﻢ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻛﻦ‪،‬‬  ‫ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺩﻳﻮﺩﻭﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﺼ(ﻴﻘﻠﻰ‪٨٠٠٢‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﺬ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﺔ ﻳﺮﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻻﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻝ ﻑ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‬

‫ﻳﻨﻘﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻧﻰﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﻮﺭ ﻭﺃﻟﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻭﺳﻄﺎﺀ ﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭ ‪(ARAB١A‬‬

‫‪ ٤٧‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻴﺪﺓ‬                     ‫( ‪N٥AE٩٥‬‬

                                          ‫)‪.(٢ A٢, 94.2 - 6‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺳﺘﺮﺍﺑﻮ ‪ ٦٤‬ﻗﺒﻞﺍﻟﻤﻴﻻﺩ ‪ ٢٥‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻻﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻻﺩ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻮﺍﻛﻪ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮﻥ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺴﻢ ﺑﺪﻝ ﺯﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺘﻮﻥ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻻ‬

‫ﻳﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻏﻨﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﺻﻮﻓﻬﺎ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺑﻘﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﻮﻝ‬

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