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‫ﺍﺗﺘﻘﻴﺎ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫(ﻻﺧﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﺠﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺸﺮﺍﻟﻤﻴﻻﺩﻱ)‬

‫ﻟﺠﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ ﻭ‬
‫ﺗﺘﺴﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴ ًﺎ ﺑﺘﻔﻜﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺔﻟﺍﻹﺳﻻﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﻻﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ (ﺪﻐﺑﺍﺩ)‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻏﺪﺕ ﺃﺷﻻﺀ ﺩﻭﻝ ‪،‬ﺮﺘﻘﺗﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻻﻓﺔ ﻹﺳﺒﺎﻍ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺫﺍ ﺍﻗﺘﻀﺖ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺤﻬﺎ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺎﺗﺭﺓ ﺍﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺪﻗ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺫ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺿﺪ ﺾﻌﺑ‪ ،‬ﻘﻴﻘﺤ ًﺗﺎﻤﻟﺄﺭﺏ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺁﻴﻧﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻮﺠﻟﺀ (ﺍﻞﻀﻔﻟ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻧﻲ) ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ (ﺍﺮﺼﻨﺘﺴﻤﻟ) ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺮﺍﻋﻪ ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺳﺮﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﺟﻬﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺎﻟﻒ ﻣﻊ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ (ﺲﻴﻗ)‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﺃﺭﻏﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻘﺪ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻌﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﺎﻋﻜﺋﺕﺍ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ (ﺲﻴﻗ) ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺮﺳﻞ ﺰﺟﺀ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫(ﺪﻐﺑﺍﺩ)‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺳﺒﺒﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻔﺎﻗﻤﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ (ﺲﻴﻗ) ﻭ(ﺮﻫﺰﻣ) ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻟﻰ (ﺍﻮﺑﺮﻜﺑ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺯﻧﻜﻲ) ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ (ﺲﻴﻗ)‬
‫ﺳﻨﺔ‪٦، ٨٢‬ﻩ ﺍﺭﺳﻞ ﻧﻮﺍﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﻣﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ (ﺭﻮﺼﻨﻣ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻧﻲ) ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻥ ﺗﺴﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻜﺋ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻖ ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺮﻡ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ (ﺍﻮﻴﻌﻟﻲﻧ) ﻭﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ (ﺲﻴﻗ) ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻻﺗﺎﺑﻚ (ﺍﻮﺑﺮﻜﺑ ﺭﻧﻜﻲ) ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻟﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﺨﻻﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺮﻉ (ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻧﻲ) ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﺑﺒﻐﺪﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻨﺠﺪﻩ ﻟﺘﺨﻠﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﺧﺼﻮﻣﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺿﻊ ﻟﻬﻢ (ﻮﺼﻨﻣﺭ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻧﻲ)‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻣﺪﻩ ﺑﻘﻮﺓ ﻣﻜﻨﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺣﺮ ﺍﻻﻣﻴﺮ‬

‫(ﻮﺼﻨﻣﺭ) ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﻻﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ‪.‬ﻨﺳﻩﺔ‪٦٢٠‬‬

‫ﺣﺎﻭﻝ (ﺍﻮﺑ ﺑﻜﺮ) ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻴﻤﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ (ﺲﻴﻗ) ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺣﻤﻻﺕ ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺠﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺘﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺤﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻀﺖ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ (ﺍﺪﻟﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺭﺯﻣﻴﺔ) ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﺎ (ﺍﻮﺑ‬
‫ﺑﻜﺮ ﺯﻧﻜﻲ)‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺿﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻻﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﺴﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻻﺩ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻟﻠﺨﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻌﻪ ﺣﻜﺎﻡ (ﺲﻴﻗ) ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻜﺋ‬

‫(‪)١‬ﺍﺮﺼﻨﺘﺴﻤﻟ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻲ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ ‪ ٦٤٠‬ﻩ‪( ٢٤٢١-‬ﺍﻻﻻﻋ)ﻡ‪٢٠٤٧‬‬

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