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READY RECKONER OF INDIANGEOGRAPHY |36|

Industries Major Industries in India:

1. The Iron and Steel Industry:
Reason for
Importance Raw materails Location
Location
In India,
Almost all All these raw Chhattisgarh,
sectors of materials are Northern
theIndian gross(weight Orissa,Jharkhand
industry iron oreand losing), andWest Bengal,
depend coking therefore, the which
heavily on best location isextremely
coal,limestone,
the ironand dolomite,mang forthe iron richin highgrade
steel and steel iron ore,
industry for anese,fire clay plants is near goodquality
their the source coking
basicinfrast ofraw coalandother
ructure. materials supplementing
Factors responsible for the location of Industries, rawmaterials
Important iron and steel industryare, Rourkela – Odisha –
1. Raw Material:Industries using weight-losing raw Germany, Bhilai- MP- Soviet Union, Durgapur- West
materials arelocated in the regions where raw Bengal-UK, Bokaro-Bihar –soviet union
materials arelocated.
2. The Cotton Textile Industry:
2. Power:Power provides the motive force for
machines,and therefore, its supply has to be It is one of thetraditional industries of India.India
was famous worldwide
ensuredbefore the location of any industry. Historical for the production of muslin, a very fine varietyof
Significance
3. Market:Markets provide the outlets for cotton cloth, calicos, chintz and otherdifferent
varieties of fine cotton cloth.
manufacturedproducts. Heavy machine, machine
a)it is a tropical countryand cotton is the most
tools, heavychemicals are located near the high comfortable fabric for ahot and humid climate.
Reasons for
demand areasas these are market orientated. Cotton b) Largequantityof cotton was grown in India.
development c)Abundant skilledlabour required for this industry
textileindustry uses a non-weight-losing raw
was availablein this country
materialand is generally located in large urban
Cotton is a “pure” raw material which doesnot
centre,e.g. Mumbai. lose weight in the manufacturing process.so
4. Transport:Earlier industries were located only in other factors, like, power to drive the
looms,labour, capital or market may determine
metro cities that was because of better transport Factors thelocation of the industry.
responsible
network. Now due to growing web of transport Kolkata due to its port facilities
for locations
infrastrusture, industries are being set up in interior Lower labour costs:Ujjain, Bharuch, Agra,
Hathras,Coimbatore and Tirunelveli.
part. Abundant availability of hydelpower for the
5. Labour: Industries require skilled labour. In mills
India,labour is quite mobile and is available in Presently, the major centres of the
cottontextile industry are Ahmedabad,
largenumbers due to our large population.
Bhiwandi,Solapur, Kolhapur, Nagpur, Indore
6. Industrial Policy:government of Indiaprovides lots of and Ujjain
Current Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Naduare the
incentives to industries locatingin backward areas.
position leading cotton producing states.
Tamil Nadu has the largest number ofmills and
Footloose Industries: most of them produce yarn ratherthan cloth.
Coimbatore has emerged as themost important
Footloose industrycan be located at any location without
centre with nearly half the millslocated there
effect from factors

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