Page 207 - Coincidences in the Bible and in Biblical Hebrew

COINCIDENCES IN THE BIBLE AND IN BIBLICAL HEBREW
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186 COINCIDENCES IN THE BIBLE AND IN BIBLICAL HEBREW
the formulation of the periodic law, which states that the chemical properties of
the elements are dependent on their atomic numbers.

The reciprocal values of atomic weights (AWs) are used as response values in the
pursuing statistical analyses (we will later elaborate on why the reciprocal values
rather than the original values were used). This requires understanding what an

AW means, and for that purpose we first define a mole. The latter is a chemical

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mass unit, defined to be 6.022 x 10 molecules, atoms, or some other unit. This
number is known as Avogadro’s number . The mass of a mole is the gram mass of a

substance having Avogadro’s number of mass units.

The AW of an element is the average mass of its atoms contained in one mole .
This is a weighted average of the naturally occurring isotopes . For example, the
AW of hydrogen is 1.0079 grams per mole, a weighted average of the isotopes that
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appear in nature. Also, 1 mole of NH 3 has 6.022 x 10 molecules and weighs
about 17.03 grams (the sum of the AW of nitrogen, which is 14.0067, and three
times the AW of hydrogen, which is 3[1.0079]). Similarly, the AW of copper (Cu)
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is 63.55, and therefore one mole of copper has 6.022 x 10 atoms and weighs
about 63.55 grams.
As with the case of colors (chapter 12), we have opted to base our analysis
on a measure that represents a count, rather than one that is dependent on the
measuring unit, used in a ratio scale. Thus, for color, we based our analysis on
wave frequencies (a count of frequency), rather than on wavelengths. In a simi-

lar vein, the response (“the dependent variable “) for the pursuing analyses is the
reciprocal of the atomic weight. This response represents the number of moles per
unit of mass (grams) (rather than grams per mole ), and it will be denoted RMAW
(reciprocal metal atomic weight).
The atomic weights for all metals that take part in the pursuing statistical anal-
yses are given in Table 13.1. Table 13.2 provides details about other materials
(section 13.3).

13.3 Selecting and Preparing the Sample: Other Substances

13.3.1 Selecting the Sample (Substances)
Other materials that will be analyzed, in terms of their relationships to corre-
sponding numerical values of Hebrew names, are

• Limestone (the major ingredient of which is calcium , belonging to the
group of alkaline metals );
• Burned lime (quicklime );