Page 189 - Tibetan Thangka Painting Methodsand Mat, Jackson

figure shading, 122 Karma Gardri (Karma-sgar- outlining, 75, 96,129-137,
finger guards, 49, 100 bris), 2,23,115,127, 140
finishing steps, 139-142 148 gold, 130-135,141
flames, 159 knots, 167 green dye, l35f
shading of, 123f lac dye, 84, 113f, 127, indigo, 113, l29f
flax-seed binder, 87 13 1, 135, 140 lac dye, 130
flowers: outlining with, 129f, 135 white, 130
shading of, 121 preparation of, 91, 102, paint application, 96-99
various kinds, 155, 156 112-114 order Of, 75, 96f
gesso ('dam), 15f, 20-22, shading with, 116, 120f principles go verning, 96f,
75, 95 landscape painting, 96f, 99, 101
gold, 7f, 12, 85-87, 102, 125, 135f paint preparation, general
123, 125 pouncing, 72 method, 95
application of, 102f elements of, 154 paint storage, 101
binders, 23, 87 sketching, 70 paint testing, 96
burnishing of, l4If lapis lazuli, 78f painters, identity of, 12f
outlining and linear lead white, 83 pouncing, 71-73
details, 129-135 lime, 23, 82 proportions, 49-70
preparation of, 86 lines of orientation, 45-47 controversies involVing,
ochre undercoat with, 82, linseed oil, 15, 87 144-148
87,99,103,135 litharge, 81 major classes of, 50-53
gold drops, 86 lotuses, shading, 120f units of measure in, 50
gold leaf, 85f lotus thrones, 162, 163 realgar, 81 f
gold thangkas (gser thang), malachite green, 2, 75, 78- red ochre, 82
27,75,102 80,88, 149 refuge trees, 11, 27, 35, 43
grain glue. see roasted wheat maD.<;la1as, 7, 26f, 29, 38, roasted-wheat glue, 86, 89
glue 40,51 rocks and crags, 158
grinding of pigments. see marking string, 45f shading of, 125f
individual pigments Menri (Sman-ris), 2, 23, 103, rulers, 70
ground. see gesso. 127, 144. see also New safflower, 115, 127
gypsum white, 83 Menri. saffron dye, 115, 127
hand support, 71, 99f mineral pigments, 75-89 sandalwood, red, 115f, 123,
hide glue. see size. preparation and applica- 125f
iconometry: tion of, 95-101 Scheele's green, 79
classes of deities, 49-70 minium orange, 81, 88f, 91, seats:
controversies and sources, 101,135,139 gold details on, 135
144-148 sources, 81, 149 shading of, 118f
imitation golds, 86f Mkhyen-ris, 144 shading, 97-99,111-127
Indian pigments, 79-81, 83, mortar and pestle, 78 of back curtains, 118f
87-89, 113, 127, 149. see mural paintings, 15,41,49, of clouds, 116-118
also India in Places. 73, 78, 85, 100, 103 dry shading, 98f, 111 f
indigo, 84, 86, 112f, 127, Nepalese pigments, 81, 86- offigures, 122
131, 135f, 140, 149 89, 127. see also Nepal in of!lames, 123
outlining with, 129-131, Places. of lotuses, 120f
136f Newar craftsmen, 5, 85 of nimbuses, 118f
preparation of, 88,91,98, New Menri (Sman-ris-gsar- simplified method, l23f
112-114 ma), 2,23,127 ofskies, 97-99, llIf
shading with, 111-113, nimbuses, shading, 118 types of, 97-99, 11 If
116-119,121-123,126 ochre, 82,119,126 of water, 123
individual artistic expression, in chalk-line dust, 45 wet shading, 98, III
40,42 in pouncing dust, 72 shellac, 84, 113
ink, 83-85,113,140 as undercoat for gold, 87, silver, 86
for outlining, 135 99, 103, 135. see also size (hide glue), l5f, 18,
to reinforce pounce, 72f red ochre. 20-23, 91, 96, 106, 113
to reinforce sketch, 71 orpiment, 8lf, 91,149 in gesso, 20

INDEX 185