Page 39 - Multifarious Enamels Chiense Art.pdf
P. 39
fig. 1 fig. 2 Portrait of Prince Hongli, Collection of the Palace Museum, Beijing
ॱˏ ॱ̣ Ǘཝᔦ۵⼾⻍សॱǘ٫̺ᐅ೫ښḵ㡗ⳉި
philosopher Mencius ( ಬಠ c. 372–289 BC), who, writing of one of the great ស࠶ਕ̃Ք֨⦪ˮ४૯Ԉಬಠ䢮☼ՌԬע
sage rulers of antiquity Emperor Shun, said: ‘... [he] took delight in learning ໝ䢯യ˖۵⡾ܡ⧐ຠ̃けよ䣀
from others so that he might practice only what was good.’ The notion of Ǚស۪ᑞ᳦́͠࠶ǚǐ㐝ロၒଦೀⅲຠ
an emperor devoted to learning and humility struck a chord with Hongli and ྋㅿ䢲㦧ܐཝᔦ̃Ⴭ䢲ᐅǙស࠶ǚຄ
thus ‘delight in doing good’ became a kind of personal motto for him. When ᆓՒⴷˠᙂ〕ǐⅫ̃ྯ䢲ཝᔦ͐ᦵǙស
he became emperor, Hongli chose the name Leshan tang as the title for the ࠶ਕǚ䢲᳦Ւໝ㍷ᓁⅲた㢣ݬܕǐ㢣ᑞ
compendium of poems composed during his youth. This compendium of
̖㡲̣ໝ͖ᙿ䢲ܕᕃǗស࠶ਕՈ㢣ǘ䢲☼
poems was published in the second year of Qianlong’s reign with the title
̣ډˏໝྯ〖՞ḛ䢲̖㡲ᕇ᳦˕ډڰ
Leshan tang quanji. The publication was revised some 21 years later, when
ᕴ⦪ηǐ㦧Ἥݣⅲᒶ䢲̖㡲ډˑໝ
the Qianlong Emperor personally wrote a preface to the 30 volumes of his
䢮ڭ ໝ䢯ډᕕډՍᑽ䢲ⅴ˖ᕍヅ͟
collected literary works. Interestingly, on the sixteenth day of the tenth month
ྼ⁅㧍た˙࿚۪ᖏǗស࠶ਕՈ㢣ǘ䣀Ǚ
of the seventeenth year of Qianlong [AD 1752], the emperor decided that a
㒢Ⅽˠ⏨Ǐ㑇ಠϜを✼┹ັ㇂̵ྼ⽖
source other than the Leshan tang quanji should be used for the poetry applied
たोଌǐҷᑿ䣀⮏ߢ⩹䢲࢈ྯ᷂㐤⌘ࣰ䢲
to imperial porcelains. He decreed: ‘Send a set of the latest Compilation of
ᅠた̃ⴷڭたዐ㑤᷂㐤䢲˙࿚ស
Imperial Poems to Tang Ying. Going forward, when applying imperial poems
࠶ਕたᐷǐᢌǐǚ
onto porcelains, please select poems from this latest edition, instead of poems
from the Leshan Tang edition.’
ᕴሠިⅲ㧍た᪹ۢ൶᥅䢲㤉ლϜ⦪٫̺
̖㡲ډˑໝ䢮1752䢯 ㏩㒠㦱ݸ७⾾ҏⅲἔᦾ൶䢮⾾൶Ᏽ⣾䢯ǐ
ډᕕډՍᑽ䢲㒢Ⅽˠ⏨Ǐ㑇ಠϜを✼┹ັ㇂̵ྼ⽖たोଌǐҷᑿ䣀⮏ߢ⩹䢲 ⦪ⅴ㑫ᓿ⻍೫ᑞډ̣ˠ☸⭷ᆓ͠Ϝ䢲ἔ
࢈ྯ᷂㐤⌘ࣰ䢲ᅠた̃ⴷڭたዐ㑤᷂㐤䢲˙࿚ស࠶ਕたᐷǐᢌǐ ᦾ൶ˏ↿ᒶ೫ངⅲ㕵⿀᥅ᬜǐՌԬ
ໝ䢲㕹⒯䢮 ⦰ ໝॼΨ䢯ഩ
The inspiration for both the poem and the exquisite landscape painted on
the current vase is the area around Jade Spring Hill, in the Western Hills just ˏ⢰ἔᦾ൶ᬲᨤ䢲᳦㓳㏩ঃڈϭ᥅䢲˩
outside Beijing, to the west of the Summer Palace. Jade Spring Hill has been ̃Ბ᧚ᑕኵⅲ́ǐ㡃㏩ⅲঃ˗᥅Ψ
an important source of water for the imperial court since the 12th century, ⿄⯯㢰༶䢲Ⴂݣ⩯࿇㶊䢲⡊ἔᦾ൶ם᥅ㇲ
when an imperial summer retreat was built there. In AD 1190 the Jin dynasty րǐ㢼အ䢲̖㡲ⅴ̷ㅁ᳦̃Ǚ૰˗ⓧˏ
emperor Zhangzong ( ⒯ r. 1190-1208) diverted a stream from Jade Spring ᦾǚǐἔᦾ᥅ᬜ䢲֨⦪ἔᦾ൶ڙ㶢൶⥊ǐ
Hill to provide water for the adjacent area and to fill a newly dug ornamental
lake. Unlike the water from the extensive nearby water table, which tended ἔᦾ൶ˏܕᆘ֨⦪ߢ͞た͗ᖍⅭ䢮ՌԬ
to be bitter and brackish, the water from Jade Spring Hill was sweet and ⦰ ໝ䢯ⅲǗ┆ᑬϚӢˮನ㈌ἔᦾ
clear. Indeed, the Qianlong Emperor declared it to be the ‘finest spring in the ͗́ካ⪰˩ǘ䣀Ǚັ⢄ἔᦾ൶䢲൶ᨃ૨
empire’. Jade Spring itself is located at the southern foot of Jade Spring Hill. ̔⒁ǐ͗㸓ଫⅭ㲞䢲пᆀ᪹ᬲᕕǐ⪖
33