Page 278 - Chinese and japanese porcelain silk and lacquer Canepa

883 Another jar with four cartouches of a scholar and After Portugal and Spain established permanent settlements in Macao and Manila,
servant with fan in a landscape is in the Victoria and
Albert Museum. See Harrison-Hall, 2004, p. 380, no. respectively, a variety of new porcelain shapes modelled directly after European models
12:74; and Rose Kerr, ‘16th and 17th Century Chinese
Export Ceramics for the Middle East in the Victoria were ordered for use in both secular and religious contexts. The rapid development of
& Albert Museum’, in Cheng, 2012, p. 141, ill. 27. new Kraak porcelain shapes by the Jingzdehen potters, as will be shown, resulted in a
884 Published in May Huang, ‘New Finds From
Transitional Kiln Sites at Jingdezgen and Two more marked departure from the traditional Chinese models than was done earlier for
Related Issues’, Transactions of the Oriental
Ceramic Society, Vol. 74, 2009–2010, p. 95, fig. 7. I the Islamic markets. Some elements of Chinese shapes were occasionally retained, but
am indebted to Huang Wei and Huang Qinghua for they blended with the European shapes.
permitting me to study and photograph the shards
excavated at Shibaqiao during a research trip to Bottles of square cross-section with rounded, sloping shoulders and narrow
Jingdezhen in 2010.
885 For this opinion, see Maria Fernanda Lochschmidt, cylindrical necks were first made during the Wanli reign. As mentioned earlier a
Chinesisches Blauweiβ-Exportporzellan Die few extant Kraak bottles of this shape, made in both small and large size (ranging
portugiesischen Bestellungen vom Anfang des 16.
Jahrhunderts bis 1722 – Chinese Blue-and-White from about 20 to 32 cm in height) in c.1590–1635, bear a coat of arms attributed
Export Porcelain Portuguese Orders from the
899
Beginning of the 16th Century to 1722, unpublished to the Portuguese families Vilas-Boas and Faria, or Vaz (Fig. 3.4.1.2.5). The shape
PhD Thesis, Universität Wien, 2008, p. 101; and Maria faithfully copies a glass square moulded bottle that circulated widely throughout
Fernanda Lochschmidt, ‘As primeras encomendas
portuguesas em porcelana azul e branco da China’, Europe in the last quarter of the sixteenth century. 900 Recent archaeological finds show
Anais do XXX Colóquio do Comitê Brasileiro de
901
História da Arte, Rio de Janeiro, 2010, p. 842. that this type of glass bottle was used in Portugal at the time. By the early decades of
886 Sixteenth-century pewter porringers were small the seventeenth century, such bottles with lead (or pewter) caps were among the luxury
deep bowls with single or double multi-lobed
handles, an embossed base and a narrow or wider objects owned by members of the Spanish royal court or nobility in Madrid, as shown
rim used for eating semi-liquid foods, such as
porridge or pottage (stew). Porringers with four- in a still life painting by Juan van der Hamen y León (1596–1631), dated 1622 (Fig.
lobed handles were commonly found in England 3.4.1.2.6). They also circulated to southern Spain, as evidenced by the uncapped
902
and the Netherlands, but their handles could
also have five, seven and nine lobes. Three-lobed example depicted in a still life painting by Blas de Ledesma, who was in Grenada and
porringers were made for children.
903
887 This double-handed tri-lobed porringer, stamped Malaga from 1602 to at least 1652. Bottles of this type with lead screw collars,
with the letters ‘WE’, was found in the Barber- possibly of Spanish manufacture, were transported in considerable numbers on board
surgeon’s cabin, and thus may have been used as
a bleeding bowl. J. Gardiner and M. J. Allen (eds.), Spanish ships for several decades, as evidenced by the fragments and intact examples
Before the Mast: life and death aboard the Mary
Rose, The Archaeology of the Mary Rose, Vol. 4, recovered from the 1622 Tierra Firme shipwrecks Tortugas 904 and the Nuestra Señora
Portsmouth, 2005, pp. 200 and 202. de Atocha. Though also recovered from archaeological marine and terrestrial sites
905
888 The ship is believed to be the Honor, a Flemish ship
chartered by Diego de Soto, Bishop of Mondoñedo of other nationalities, this bottle shape is likely to have been introduced by the
906
(1546–1549), which sank in December 1544 while
907
en route from Antwerp to Spain. A nine-lobed Portuguese to both China and Japan. The Jingdezhen potters painted horizontal
porringer was recovered from the shipwreck. I am lines on the narrow cylindrical neck of the large-sized bottles simulating the thread of
grateful to Rosa Benavides, Corpus Christi Museum
of Science and History, for providing me with images the screw cap, as seen in a bottle (now reconstructed) and a shard of another recovered
of the pewter recovered from the shipwreck and
conservation reports. For further information, see from the Wanli shipwreck (c.1625), which probably sank in c.1625–1635, and thus
Rosa Benavides García, Piezas de artillería y platos would date to the Tianqi/Chongzhen reign. They also made a number of non-armorial
de peltre del pecio de A Coba – Xove, Museo do
Mar de Galicia, unpublished report, 2009, pp. 1–45. bottles of this shape, but with narrow cylindrical ridged necks, painted solely with
889 Over one thousand pewter tablewares (both hollow
908
and flatware) in several sizes and styles have been Chinese motifs. These square bottles, like their glass prototypes, were used as
recovered from this shipwreck, which is yet to be utensils both for storage and transport of spirituous beverages, which were commonly
identified. They include six porringer types with
three, four, five, seven and nine-lobed handles. I preferred instead of impure water and were taken for medicinal purposes.
909
am greatful to Martin Roberts for providing me
with information and images of these pewter Square-sectioned blue-and-white bottles of even larger size, measuring about
objects, which are published in Martin Roberts, 39cm in height, were made as special orders in ordinary trade porcelain decorated
‘The Punta Cana Pewter Wreck. A first look at a mid
16th Century cargo from the Caribbean’, Journal with Christian iconography in c.1620–1644. The sides of four extant examples,
of the Pewter Society, Spring 2012, pp. 3–15; and
Fig. 3.4.1.2.5 Kraak armorial square-sectioned Martin Roberts, ‘The Punta Cana Pewter Wreck: each with a tall cylindrical neck and stepped collar, depict two scenes that represent
bottle from the Wanli shipwreck (c.1625) Discursions on a Discovery’, Journal of the Pewter symbolically the Passion and Death of Christ and his Resurrection, alternating with
Society, Autumn 2013, pp. 14–31.
Jingdezhen kilns, Jiangxi province
890 By the end of the fourteenth century the term a miniature Chinese landscape scene below cherubs playing horns or beating drums
Ming dynasty, Tianqi/Chongzhen reign
scudella, schodelle or scodellini was used in Spain
(1573–1627), c.1625–1635 to refer to shallow bowls of large or small size with among scrolling clouds (Fig. 3.4.1.2.7). As Pinto de Matos has noted, although the
910
Height: 31.9cm or without handles. For this opinion, see Alberto border of flowers with curling leaves and tendrils that frame each scene relates closely
© Sten Sjostrand García Porras and Adela Fábregas García, ‘La
Cerámica Española en el Comercio Mediterráneo to those seen on porcelain made to order in the so-called Transitional style for the
Bajomedieval. Algunas Notas Documentales’,
Fig. 3.4.1.2.6 Still life with sweets Dutch market, which will be discussed in the following pages, a similar rendering of
Miscelanea Medieval Murciana, Vol. XXVII–XXVIII
Oil on canvas, 58cm x 97cm
(2003–2004), p. 24.
Juan van der Hamen y Leon (1596–1631), 891 A scudella such as an armorial example bearing flower and leaf motifs appears in a few pieces made for the Portuguese market, such as
dated 1622 a coat of arms attributed to the Sans family of the jar bearing the monogram of the Society of Jesus (Fig. 3.4.1.1.29). This large-size
Cleveland Museum of Art Cleveland Catalonia or the Alegre family of Valencia, made in model of square bottle was most probably made after glass prototypes. Visual sources
(inv. no. 1980.6) Menises in c.1500, housed in the Victoria and Albert
276 Trade in Chinese Porcelain 277